Philosophy essay

Please answer all the questions. Read chapter 2. Book is Living Philosophy by Lewis Vaughn 2nd edition.

1. Why should Thales claim that the origin or the composition of everything is water? How does Anaximander’s apeironchallenge this view?

Include the following:A discussion of Thales’s thinking about the fundamental stuff of the universe, including a plausible account of his argument that everything is water.

1. • A discussion of Anaximander’s thinking about apeiron, including a plausible account of his argument.
   • A relevant comparison and contrast between Thales’s and Anaximander’s views.
2. Heraclitus central idea is the logos. What is it?

include the following:

1. • A discussion of the fragments presented in the text in terms of the way the world appears to us.
   • A definition of “logos” and a discussion of Heraclitus’s use of it, for example, a discussion of what philosophical work it does.
2. How can Parmenides argue that change is impossible?

include the following:

1. • A description of Parmenides’s deductive approach to the topic.
   • A presentation of Parmenides’s argument, both his critique of appearances and his advocacy of being.
   • A discussion of the major moves in Parmenides’s argument.
2. Many scientists say that some events (e.g., on the quantum level) are literally uncaused, and some say that the universe itself could have been uncaused. Do these claims support or undermine Democritus’s atomism?

include the following:

1. • While it’s not essential for the writer to address the larger issue of causation, as it’s outside the scope of the introductory philosophy student’s responsibilities, it is essential for the student to attempt to discuss what cause and effect generally mean.
   • A discussion of Democritus’s atomism.
   • A thoughtful response to the question of whether Democritus’s view does or does not support the claim that some events (e.g., the beginning of the universe) are uncaused.
2. How can Protagoras’s relativism be defended in light of actions many people would claim are moral atrocities?

include the following:

1. • A discussion of relativism, and in particular, what it is about Protagoras’s view that makes him a relativist.
   • A discussion of what makes us think that certain actions are morally unacceptable.
   • A thoughtful analysis of how Protagoras’s view can accommodate the aforementioned types of action.

 

 

 

Sample Solution