Research Methods/Critique

by | Sep 27, 2020 | Research

I. Select one journal article concerning culture and psychology or social justice. (Please make sure that your journal article is not a meta-analysis. The journal article should be about one research study.)

Approved Academic Journals available in our library and can be assessed online:

Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, American Psychologist, Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology. Journal of Applied Psychology, Cultural Diversity and Ethnic Psychology, and American Journal of Community Psychology.

II. Include the following in your paper. Please include in the order listed below.

A. Background of the Study

  1. Title and Author(s) of the Article
    • Include Title of Journal (including year of publication of the article).
    • Do the researcher(s) qualifications/position indicate a degree of knowledge in the field?
    • Does the title accurately describe the article?
  2. Purpose/Research Problem
    • What is the topic or research question/hypothesis of this study?
    • Is it clearly defined?
    • What are the ways this study speaks to your question or topic of interest?
  3. Theoretical framework & type of study
    • Identify the primary perspective/theoretical framework of the journal article.
    • Is it demographic in its perspective on diversity? Is the perspective ideological? Is the perspective political in nature, or oriented toward social justice? In other words, how, overall, do the authors of the paper define and conceive of the topic of diversity?
    • Is it Indigenous, Cross-Cultural validation, or Cross-Cultural comparison?
  4. Sample of the study and selection procedure
    • How were the sample collected?
    • Is it of adequate size?
  5. Ethical Considerations
    • Were the participants fully informed about the nature of the research?
    • Were the four fundamental moral principles: autonomy, non-maleficence, beneficence, and justice supported?
    • Is there evidence of bias or a conflict of interest?
  6. Method used in the present study
    • Has the data gathering instrument been described? Is it appropriate?
    • Were reliability and validity testing undertaken and the results discussed?
    • How was the questionnaire distributed, how was the interview conducted, how was the experiment conducted, etc.)?
  7. Data analysis/Results
    • What type of data and statistical analysis was undertaken?
    • How many of the sample participated?

B. Article Critique Summary

  1. Confidence in Results
    • Do you have confidence in the research findings? (Were there critical flaws in the study’s design?)
  2. Generalizability
    • Does the study generalize to other people that were not the subject of the research? (For example, elementary school study results being generalized to all human population.)
    • Were the strengths and limitations of the study including generalizability discussed?
  3. Implications
    • What does the study mean in the big picture and how does it apply to society in “general”? (How does this study and its results impact society in general?)
    • Was the significance of the findings discussed?
  4. Suggested Improvements
    • Was a recommendation for future research made?
    • How might you redo the study if you were to conduct it?
  5. Overall Summary

APA & Reference Sheet
 Double spaced with 1” margins
 12 points Font, New Times Roman
 Running Head and Page numbers
 Title Page to include: Title, Name, School Name, Course # & Title, Date (All Double Spaced)
 Length is Sufficient (Minimum 6 pages)
 Reference Citation is Centered on separate page and cited correctlySWHS 331/Psyc 368
Research Methods/Critique Paper (Detailed Rubric can be found in Canvas)- 90 points
Goals of this assignment:

 Become familiar with locating and reviewing articles of the academic journals.
 Understand the general research procedure.
 Develop skills for the basics of critique and evaluation of research articles. This will allow you to compare/contrast research biases, recognize the impact of culture and minority status on basic psychological processes, etc.
 Learn & Apply APA guidelines.

Papers are to be written in APA style and submitted through Canvas no later than 9/27/2020.
Length of paper: Minimum 6 Pages (Including Cover and Reference Page)

I. Select one journal article concerning culture and psychology or social justice. (Please make sure that your journal article is not a meta-analysis. The journal article should be about one research study.)

Approved Academic Journals available in our library and can be assessed online:

Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, American Psychologist, Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology. Journal of Applied Psychology, Cultural Diversity and Ethnic Psychology, and American Journal of Community Psychology.

II. Include the following in your paper. Please include in the order listed below.

A. Background of the Study

  1. Title and Author(s) of the Article
    • Include Title of Journal (including year of publication of the article).
    • Do the researcher(s) qualifications/position indicate a degree of knowledge in the field?
    • Does the title accurately describe the article?
  2. Purpose/Research Problem
    • What is the topic or research question/hypothesis of this study?
    • Is it clearly defined?
    • What are the ways this study speaks to your question or topic of interest?
  3. Theoretical framework & type of study
    • Identify the primary perspective/theoretical framework of the journal article.
    • Is it demographic in its perspective on diversity? Is the perspective ideological? Is the perspective political in nature, or oriented toward social justice? In other words, how, overall, do the authors of the paper define and conceive of the topic of diversity?
    • Is it Indigenous, Cross-Cultural validation, or Cross-Cultural comparison?
  4. Sample of the study and selection procedure
    • How were the sample collected?
    • Is it of adequate size?
  5. Ethical Considerations
    • Were the participants fully informed about the nature of the research?
    • Were the four fundamental moral principles: autonomy, non-maleficence, beneficence, and justice supported?
    • Is there evidence of bias or a conflict of interest?
  6. Method used in the present study
    • Has the data gathering instrument been described? Is it appropriate?
    • Were reliability and validity testing undertaken and the results discussed?
    • How was the questionnaire distributed, how was the interview conducted, how was the experiment conducted, etc.)?
  7. Data analysis/Results
    • What type of data and statistical analysis was undertaken?
    • How many of the sample participated?

B. Article Critique Summary

  1. Confidence in Results
    • Do you have confidence in the research findings? (Were there critical flaws in the study’s design?)
  2. Generalizability
    • Does the study generalize to other people that were not the subject of the research? (For example, elementary school study results being generalized to all human population.)
    • Were the strengths and limitations of the study including generalizability discussed?
  3. Implications
    • What does the study mean in the big picture and how does it apply to society in “general”? (How does this study and its results impact society in general?)
    • Was the significance of the findings discussed?
  4. Suggested Improvements
    • Was a recommendation for future research made?
    • How might you redo the study if you were to conduct it?
  5. Overall Summary

Sample Solution

Sample solution

Dante Alighieri played a critical role in the literature world through his poem Divine Comedy that was written in the 14th century. The poem contains Inferno, Purgatorio, and Paradiso. The Inferno is a description of the nine circles of torment that are found on the earth. It depicts the realms of the people that have gone against the spiritual values and who, instead, have chosen bestial appetite, violence, or fraud and malice. The nine circles of hell are limbo, lust, gluttony, greed and wrath. Others are heresy, violence, fraud, and treachery. The purpose of this paper is to examine the Dante’s Inferno in the perspective of its portrayal of God’s image and the justification of hell. 

In this epic poem, God is portrayed as a super being guilty of multiple weaknesses including being egotistic, unjust, and hypocritical. Dante, in this poem, depicts God as being more human than divine by challenging God’s omnipotence. Additionally, the manner in which Dante describes Hell is in full contradiction to the morals of God as written in the Bible. When god arranges Hell to flatter Himself, He commits egotism, a sin that is common among human beings (Cheney, 2016). The weakness is depicted in Limbo and on the Gate of Hell where, for instance, God sends those who do not worship Him to Hell. This implies that failure to worship Him is a sin.


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God is also depicted as lacking justice in His actions thus removing the godly image. The injustice is portrayed by the manner in which the sodomites and opportunists are treated. The opportunists are subjected to banner chasing in their lives after death followed by being stung by insects and maggots. They are known to having done neither good nor bad during their lifetimes and, therefore, justice could have demanded that they be granted a neutral punishment having lived a neutral life. The sodomites are also punished unfairly by God when Brunetto Lattini is condemned to hell despite being a good leader (Babor, T. F., McGovern, T., & Robaina, K. (2017). While he commited sodomy, God chooses to ignore all the other good deeds that Brunetto did.

Finally, God is also portrayed as being hypocritical in His actions, a sin that further diminishes His godliness and makes Him more human. A case in point is when God condemns the sin of egotism and goes ahead to commit it repeatedly. Proverbs 29:23 states that “arrogance will bring your downfall, but if you are humble, you will be respected.” When Slattery condemns Dante’s human state as being weak, doubtful, and limited, he is proving God’s hypocrisy because He is also human (Verdicchio, 2015). The actions of God in Hell as portrayed by Dante are inconsistent with the Biblical literature. Both Dante and God are prone to making mistakes, something common among human beings thus making God more human.

To wrap it up, Dante portrays God is more human since He commits the same sins that humans commit: egotism, hypocrisy, and injustice. Hell is justified as being a destination for victims of the mistakes committed by God. The Hell is presented as being a totally different place as compared to what is written about it in the Bible. As a result, reading through the text gives an image of God who is prone to the very mistakes common to humans thus ripping Him off His lofty status of divine and, instead, making Him a mere human. Whether or not Dante did it intentionally is subject to debate but one thing is clear in the poem: the misconstrued notion of God is revealed to future generations.

 

References

Babor, T. F., McGovern, T., & Robaina, K. (2017). Dante’s inferno: Seven deadly sins in scientific publishing and how to avoid them. Addiction Science: A Guide for the Perplexed, 267.

Cheney, L. D. G. (2016). Illustrations for Dante’s Inferno: A Comparative Study of Sandro Botticelli, Giovanni Stradano, and Federico Zuccaro. Cultural and Religious Studies, 4(8), 487.

Verdicchio, M. (2015). Irony and Desire in Dante’s” Inferno” 27. Italica, 285-297.

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