On the first page of your review, include your name as well as a full citation of the book, which includes the
author, title, publisher, and publication date. When referring to specific quotes or sections of the
book/dissertation, give the page numbers in parentheses. Please be careful about your grammar, spelling,
punctuation, and paragraph organization.
Points to consider while reading and thinking about the book:
What is the author’s historical thesis?
What are the author’s key supporting historical arguments for the thesis?
What are the main sources used by the author to support the thesis and main arguments?
Are these key arguments and the thesis logical?
Do they reflect sound historical critical thinking and sufficient use and synthesis of an adequate number of
sources in terms of supporting evidence?
Does the use of primary and secondary source evidence reflect careful research and sound historical
methodology?
For whom does the author write the book?
Is the book well-written, well-organized, and carefully researched?
Main issues and information to address in your written review:
Identify for your readers the most important historical developments, arguments, themes, and sources of
evidence in the book.
Identify where the book fits into the historiographical framework/context of both the definitive/seminal studies
and the recent scholarly, peer-reviewed literature on the book’s main historical theme.
Inform the reader of the book’s merit as scholarly historical literature.
Highlight [with quotes, paraphrases and summaries] the sections of the book that you determine are the most
original and significant to the ongoing production of historical knowledge in terms of interpretation of source
evidence, methodology, narrative, and the support of historical arguments.
Highlight [with quotes, paraphrases and summaries] the sections of the book that you determine are the most
interesting and important to your specific research interests and project for this course.
Other topical and paper organizational things to remember to do in the paper:
State your overall evaluation of the book in the first paragraph/introduction (i.e., briefly state whether the book’s
strengths overcome its weaknesses or vice versa). Identify the historical thesis and key set of historical
arguments.
In the second paragraph, provide some commentary on the manner in which the author’s background affects
her/ his arguments and credibility. What are her/his qualifications? Does her/his background bias her/his
historical interpretations? Has the author studied this field of history over a long period of time?
In the following paragraph, provide a brief summary of the main ideas of the book. Try to connect this with your
evaluation of the book’s thesis and main arguments in your first paragraph.
In the rest of the review (two to three pages), address the following issues/answer the following questions:
Evaluate and explain the author’s purpose in writing the book.
Does this purpose affect the book’s usefulness and accuracy?
Does the author provide a good treatment of the book’s subject matter?

Sample Solution

Sample solution

Dante Alighieri played a critical role in the literature world through his poem Divine Comedy that was written in the 14th century. The poem contains Inferno, Purgatorio, and Paradiso. The Inferno is a description of the nine circles of torment that are found on the earth. It depicts the realms of the people that have gone against the spiritual values and who, instead, have chosen bestial appetite, violence, or fraud and malice. The nine circles of hell are limbo, lust, gluttony, greed and wrath. Others are heresy, violence, fraud, and treachery. The purpose of this paper is to examine the Dante’s Inferno in the perspective of its portrayal of God’s image and the justification of hell. 

In this epic poem, God is portrayed as a super being guilty of multiple weaknesses including being egotistic, unjust, and hypocritical. Dante, in this poem, depicts God as being more human than divine by challenging God’s omnipotence. Additionally, the manner in which Dante describes Hell is in full contradiction to the morals of God as written in the Bible. When god arranges Hell to flatter Himself, He commits egotism, a sin that is common among human beings (Cheney, 2016). The weakness is depicted in Limbo and on the Gate of Hell where, for instance, God sends those who do not worship Him to Hell. This implies that failure to worship Him is a sin.

God is also depicted as lacking justice in His actions thus removing the godly image. The injustice is portrayed by the manner in which the sodomites and opportunists are treated. The opportunists are subjected to banner chasing in their lives after death followed by being stung by insects and maggots. They are known to having done neither good nor bad during their lifetimes and, therefore, justice could have demanded that they be granted a neutral punishment having lived a neutral life. The sodomites are also punished unfairly by God when Brunetto Lattini is condemned to hell despite being a good leader (Babor, T. F., McGovern, T., & Robaina, K. (2017). While he commited sodomy, God chooses to ignore all the other good deeds that Brunetto did.

Finally, God is also portrayed as being hypocritical in His actions, a sin that further diminishes His godliness and makes Him more human. A case in point is when God condemns the sin of egotism and goes ahead to commit it repeatedly. Proverbs 29:23 states that “arrogance will bring your downfall, but if you are humble, you will be respected.” When Slattery condemns Dante’s human state as being weak, doubtful, and limited, he is proving God’s hypocrisy because He is also human (Verdicchio, 2015). The actions of God in Hell as portrayed by Dante are inconsistent with the Biblical literature. Both Dante and God are prone to making mistakes, something common among human beings thus making God more human.

To wrap it up, Dante portrays God is more human since He commits the same sins that humans commit: egotism, hypocrisy, and injustice. Hell is justified as being a destination for victims of the mistakes committed by God. The Hell is presented as being a totally different place as compared to what is written about it in the Bible. As a result, reading through the text gives an image of God who is prone to the very mistakes common to humans thus ripping Him off His lofty status of divine and, instead, making Him a mere human. Whether or not Dante did it intentionally is subject to debate but one thing is clear in the poem: the misconstrued notion of God is revealed to future generations.

 

References

Babor, T. F., McGovern, T., & Robaina, K. (2017). Dante’s inferno: Seven deadly sins in scientific publishing and how to avoid them. Addiction Science: A Guide for the Perplexed, 267.

Cheney, L. D. G. (2016). Illustrations for Dante’s Inferno: A Comparative Study of Sandro Botticelli, Giovanni Stradano, and Federico Zuccaro. Cultural and Religious Studies4(8), 487.

Verdicchio, M. (2015). Irony and Desire in Dante’s” Inferno” 27. Italica, 285-297.

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