INFERENTIAL STATISTICS FOR DECISION MAKING

by | Feb 23, 2022 | Statistics

Chapter-10
Effect Size, Confidence Intervals, and NHST: Two-Sample Designs

Use the following data set to answer the following questions. To earn full credit show all of your calculations and other work. Explain your answers. Don’t just write a number.

The 26 students who signed up for General Psychology reported their GPA. Each person was matched with another person on the basis of the GPAs, and two groups were formed. One group was taught with the traditional lecture method by Professor Nouveau. The other class could access the Web for the same lectures whenever they wished. At the end of the term, both classes took the same comprehensive final exam, and they also filled out a “Satisfaction Questionnaire.” Scores on both measures are shown below.
Analyze the data with t tests and effect size indexes. Write a conclusion.
You have to use the JASP Software (https://jasp-stats.org/download/) to perform your analysis. Make sure you include the analysis output in your submission. Also, explain your results in detail.

Comprehensive Final Exam Scores Satisfaction
Scores
Traditional Section Online Section Traditional Section Online Section
50 56 25 31
72 75 18 19
64 62 40 38
82 90 31 35
89 91 17 24
65 65 22 20
74 72 14 18
85 87 36 35
80 76 27 31
65 79 22 27
82 77 23 27
75 78 28 28
64 70 20 23

Give examples and elaborate on the applications of the topic.

Chapter-10: Effect Size, Confidence Intervals, and NHST: Two-Sample Designs

  1. Describe the following terms: treatments, experimental group, and control group. Give examples and applications.
  2. How do you create a paired-sample experiment? Discuss in detail and give examples.
  3. What does “Power” mean in an experiment?
  4. What factors impact the power of an experiment?
  5. The Smiths and McDonalds blame each other for Michael and Jane falling in love. On a test of propensity to fall in love, the mean of 6 members of the Smith family was 54 and the mean of 10 members of the McDonald family was 64. When a statistician compared the families’ scores with a t test, to determine if one family was more at fault, a t value of 2.13 was obtained. As a statistician if you adopt an α level of .05 (two-tailed test), what should be your conclusion?

Sample solution

Dante Alighieri played a critical role in the literature world through his poem Divine Comedy that was written in the 14th century. The poem contains Inferno, Purgatorio, and Paradiso. The Inferno is a description of the nine circles of torment that are found on the earth. It depicts the realms of the people that have gone against the spiritual values and who, instead, have chosen bestial appetite, violence, or fraud and malice. The nine circles of hell are limbo, lust, gluttony, greed and wrath. Others are heresy, violence, fraud, and treachery. The purpose of this paper is to examine the Dante’s Inferno in the perspective of its portrayal of God’s image and the justification of hell. 

In this epic poem, God is portrayed as a super being guilty of multiple weaknesses including being egotistic, unjust, and hypocritical. Dante, in this poem, depicts God as being more human than divine by challenging God’s omnipotence. Additionally, the manner in which Dante describes Hell is in full contradiction to the morals of God as written in the Bible. When god arranges Hell to flatter Himself, He commits egotism, a sin that is common among human beings (Cheney, 2016). The weakness is depicted in Limbo and on the Gate of Hell where, for instance, God sends those who do not worship Him to Hell. This implies that failure to worship Him is a sin.


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God is also depicted as lacking justice in His actions thus removing the godly image. The injustice is portrayed by the manner in which the sodomites and opportunists are treated. The opportunists are subjected to banner chasing in their lives after death followed by being stung by insects and maggots. They are known to having done neither good nor bad during their lifetimes and, therefore, justice could have demanded that they be granted a neutral punishment having lived a neutral life. The sodomites are also punished unfairly by God when Brunetto Lattini is condemned to hell despite being a good leader (Babor, T. F., McGovern, T., & Robaina, K. (2017). While he commited sodomy, God chooses to ignore all the other good deeds that Brunetto did.

Finally, God is also portrayed as being hypocritical in His actions, a sin that further diminishes His godliness and makes Him more human. A case in point is when God condemns the sin of egotism and goes ahead to commit it repeatedly. Proverbs 29:23 states that “arrogance will bring your downfall, but if you are humble, you will be respected.” When Slattery condemns Dante’s human state as being weak, doubtful, and limited, he is proving God’s hypocrisy because He is also human (Verdicchio, 2015). The actions of God in Hell as portrayed by Dante are inconsistent with the Biblical literature. Both Dante and God are prone to making mistakes, something common among human beings thus making God more human.

To wrap it up, Dante portrays God is more human since He commits the same sins that humans commit: egotism, hypocrisy, and injustice. Hell is justified as being a destination for victims of the mistakes committed by God. The Hell is presented as being a totally different place as compared to what is written about it in the Bible. As a result, reading through the text gives an image of God who is prone to the very mistakes common to humans thus ripping Him off His lofty status of divine and, instead, making Him a mere human. Whether or not Dante did it intentionally is subject to debate but one thing is clear in the poem: the misconstrued notion of God is revealed to future generations.

 

References

Babor, T. F., McGovern, T., & Robaina, K. (2017). Dante’s inferno: Seven deadly sins in scientific publishing and how to avoid them. Addiction Science: A Guide for the Perplexed, 267.

Cheney, L. D. G. (2016). Illustrations for Dante’s Inferno: A Comparative Study of Sandro Botticelli, Giovanni Stradano, and Federico Zuccaro. Cultural and Religious Studies, 4(8), 487.

Verdicchio, M. (2015). Irony and Desire in Dante’s” Inferno” 27. Italica, 285-297.

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