Data analysis

by | Jan 22, 2023 | Data Analysis

 

Activity I – You have just opened a restaurant in a large city, and you are deciding what you should charge for a regular-sized soda. You’d like to charge a price equal to the average of your competitors, which you believe is $2.58. To inform your decision, you want to learn more about the average price charged by competing restaurants in the area. You know you won’t be able to get prices for every restaurant, so you randomly sample 35 and collect their soda prices. These data are in Soda.xlsx ( See the attached)

You are assuming the mean soda price is $2.58 for all of your competitors. When conducting data analysis to test this belief, what is this assumption called?
Calculate the t-statistic assuming the mean soda price for all of your competitors is $2.58.
Calculate the p-value for your t-statistic.
Using a confidence level of 90%, test whether the mean soda price of all your competitors is $2.58 using the t-stat.
Using a confidence level of 90%, test whether the mean soda price of all your competitors is $2.58 using the p-value.
Is it possible that your answers to parts d and e would yield different conclusions?
Activity II – To better assess your willingness-to-pay for advertising on others’ websites, you want to learn the mean profit per visit for all visits to your website. To accomplish this, you have collected a random sample of 4,738 visits to your website over the past six months. This sample includes information on visit duration and profits. The data are contained in WebProfits.xlsx (See the attached). Using the data in WebProfits.xlsx:

Build a 99% confidence interval for the mean profit per visit for all of your visitors.
Let the null hypothesis be that mean profit per visit for all of your visitors is $11.50.
Calculate the corresponding t-stat for this null hypothesis.
Calculate the corresponding p-value for this null hypothesis.
With strength of 95%, decide whether or not to reject this null hypothesis.
Detail the reasoning behind your decision.

Sample solution

Dante Alighieri played a critical role in the literature world through his poem Divine Comedy that was written in the 14th century. The poem contains Inferno, Purgatorio, and Paradiso. The Inferno is a description of the nine circles of torment that are found on the earth. It depicts the realms of the people that have gone against the spiritual values and who, instead, have chosen bestial appetite, violence, or fraud and malice. The nine circles of hell are limbo, lust, gluttony, greed and wrath. Others are heresy, violence, fraud, and treachery. The purpose of this paper is to examine the Dante’s Inferno in the perspective of its portrayal of God’s image and the justification of hell. 

In this epic poem, God is portrayed as a super being guilty of multiple weaknesses including being egotistic, unjust, and hypocritical. Dante, in this poem, depicts God as being more human than divine by challenging God’s omnipotence. Additionally, the manner in which Dante describes Hell is in full contradiction to the morals of God as written in the Bible. When god arranges Hell to flatter Himself, He commits egotism, a sin that is common among human beings (Cheney, 2016). The weakness is depicted in Limbo and on the Gate of Hell where, for instance, God sends those who do not worship Him to Hell. This implies that failure to worship Him is a sin.


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God is also depicted as lacking justice in His actions thus removing the godly image. The injustice is portrayed by the manner in which the sodomites and opportunists are treated. The opportunists are subjected to banner chasing in their lives after death followed by being stung by insects and maggots. They are known to having done neither good nor bad during their lifetimes and, therefore, justice could have demanded that they be granted a neutral punishment having lived a neutral life. The sodomites are also punished unfairly by God when Brunetto Lattini is condemned to hell despite being a good leader (Babor, T. F., McGovern, T., & Robaina, K. (2017). While he commited sodomy, God chooses to ignore all the other good deeds that Brunetto did.

Finally, God is also portrayed as being hypocritical in His actions, a sin that further diminishes His godliness and makes Him more human. A case in point is when God condemns the sin of egotism and goes ahead to commit it repeatedly. Proverbs 29:23 states that “arrogance will bring your downfall, but if you are humble, you will be respected.” When Slattery condemns Dante’s human state as being weak, doubtful, and limited, he is proving God’s hypocrisy because He is also human (Verdicchio, 2015). The actions of God in Hell as portrayed by Dante are inconsistent with the Biblical literature. Both Dante and God are prone to making mistakes, something common among human beings thus making God more human.

To wrap it up, Dante portrays God is more human since He commits the same sins that humans commit: egotism, hypocrisy, and injustice. Hell is justified as being a destination for victims of the mistakes committed by God. The Hell is presented as being a totally different place as compared to what is written about it in the Bible. As a result, reading through the text gives an image of God who is prone to the very mistakes common to humans thus ripping Him off His lofty status of divine and, instead, making Him a mere human. Whether or not Dante did it intentionally is subject to debate but one thing is clear in the poem: the misconstrued notion of God is revealed to future generations.

 

References

Babor, T. F., McGovern, T., & Robaina, K. (2017). Dante’s inferno: Seven deadly sins in scientific publishing and how to avoid them. Addiction Science: A Guide for the Perplexed, 267.

Cheney, L. D. G. (2016). Illustrations for Dante’s Inferno: A Comparative Study of Sandro Botticelli, Giovanni Stradano, and Federico Zuccaro. Cultural and Religious Studies, 4(8), 487.

Verdicchio, M. (2015). Irony and Desire in Dante’s” Inferno” 27. Italica, 285-297.

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