Employee counseling. An employer offers its employees a program that will provide up to four free
psychological counseling sessions per calendar year. To evaluate satisfaction with this service, the
counseling office mails questionnaires to every 10th employee who used the benefit in the prior year.
There were 1000 employees who used the benefit. Therefore, 100 surveys were sent out. However, only
25 of the potential respondents completed and returned their questionnaire.
a. Describe the population for the study.
 The population would be the 1000 employees that use the benefit of these free
sessions. Also, depending upon the satisfaction value, it could be to gain more
employees to take advantage of this benefit within the company.
b. Describe the sample.
 The sample is the 25 employees out of the 100 surveys sent out that completed and
returned the questionnaire.
c. What concern is raised by the fact that only 25 of the 100 questionnaires were completed and returned?
 Due to the fact that 75 surveys were not received out of the 100 sent out to
employees, this would represent a non-response bias, due to large number of refusal
to fill out the questionnaire.

Sample solution

Dante Alighieri played a critical role in the literature world through his poem Divine Comedy that was written in the 14th century. The poem contains Inferno, Purgatorio, and Paradiso. The Inferno is a description of the nine circles of torment that are found on the earth. It depicts the realms of the people that have gone against the spiritual values and who, instead, have chosen bestial appetite, violence, or fraud and malice. The nine circles of hell are limbo, lust, gluttony, greed and wrath. Others are heresy, violence, fraud, and treachery. The purpose of this paper is to examine the Dante’s Inferno in the perspective of its portrayal of God’s image and the justification of hell. 

In this epic poem, God is portrayed as a super being guilty of multiple weaknesses including being egotistic, unjust, and hypocritical. Dante, in this poem, depicts God as being more human than divine by challenging God’s omnipotence. Additionally, the manner in which Dante describes Hell is in full contradiction to the morals of God as written in the Bible. When god arranges Hell to flatter Himself, He commits egotism, a sin that is common among human beings (Cheney, 2016). The weakness is depicted in Limbo and on the Gate of Hell where, for instance, God sends those who do not worship Him to Hell. This implies that failure to worship Him is a sin.

God is also depicted as lacking justice in His actions thus removing the godly image. The injustice is portrayed by the manner in which the sodomites and opportunists are treated. The opportunists are subjected to banner chasing in their lives after death followed by being stung by insects and maggots. They are known to having done neither good nor bad during their lifetimes and, therefore, justice could have demanded that they be granted a neutral punishment having lived a neutral life. The sodomites are also punished unfairly by God when Brunetto Lattini is condemned to hell despite being a good leader (Babor, T. F., McGovern, T., & Robaina, K. (2017). While he commited sodomy, God chooses to ignore all the other good deeds that Brunetto did.

Finally, God is also portrayed as being hypocritical in His actions, a sin that further diminishes His godliness and makes Him more human. A case in point is when God condemns the sin of egotism and goes ahead to commit it repeatedly. Proverbs 29:23 states that “arrogance will bring your downfall, but if you are humble, you will be respected.” When Slattery condemns Dante’s human state as being weak, doubtful, and limited, he is proving God’s hypocrisy because He is also human (Verdicchio, 2015). The actions of God in Hell as portrayed by Dante are inconsistent with the Biblical literature. Both Dante and God are prone to making mistakes, something common among human beings thus making God more human.

To wrap it up, Dante portrays God is more human since He commits the same sins that humans commit: egotism, hypocrisy, and injustice. Hell is justified as being a destination for victims of the mistakes committed by God. The Hell is presented as being a totally different place as compared to what is written about it in the Bible. As a result, reading through the text gives an image of God who is prone to the very mistakes common to humans thus ripping Him off His lofty status of divine and, instead, making Him a mere human. Whether or not Dante did it intentionally is subject to debate but one thing is clear in the poem: the misconstrued notion of God is revealed to future generations.

 

References

Babor, T. F., McGovern, T., & Robaina, K. (2017). Dante’s inferno: Seven deadly sins in scientific publishing and how to avoid them. Addiction Science: A Guide for the Perplexed, 267.

Cheney, L. D. G. (2016). Illustrations for Dante’s Inferno: A Comparative Study of Sandro Botticelli, Giovanni Stradano, and Federico Zuccaro. Cultural and Religious Studies4(8), 487.

Verdicchio, M. (2015). Irony and Desire in Dante’s” Inferno” 27. Italica, 285-297.

Sample Answer

Sample Answer

 

 

Thesis Statement:

The effectiveness of employee counseling programs in organizations can be evaluated through feedback mechanisms, but non-response bias due to low survey completion rates may hinder the accuracy of results and impact decision-making processes.

Employee counseling programs are essential benefits provided by many organizations to support the mental well-being of their employees. These programs aim to offer psychological support and guidance to individuals facing personal or work-related challenges. To assess the satisfaction levels and effectiveness of such programs, employers often use surveys or questionnaires to collect feedback from employees who have utilized the counseling services.

In the scenario provided, where a company offered up to four free counseling sessions per year to its employees and sent out surveys to evaluate satisfaction, it is evident that only 25 out of 100 questionnaires were completed and returned. This low response rate raises concerns about the representativeness of the sample and the potential presence of non-response bias.

Non-response bias occurs when individuals who choose not to participate in a survey differ systematically from those who do respond, leading to skewed or inaccurate results. In the context of employee counseling programs, non-response bias can significantly impact the assessment of employee satisfaction and the overall effectiveness of the services provided.

When a large proportion of employees do not respond to satisfaction surveys, it becomes challenging to draw reliable conclusions about the perceived benefits and shortcomings of the counseling program. The feedback obtained from a small subset of respondents may not accurately reflect the sentiments of the entire employee population that utilized the service.

Moreover, non-response bias can distort decision-making processes within the organization. If feedback from a limited number of respondents is used to make decisions about program improvements or resource allocations, it may not align with the actual needs and preferences of the broader employee base.

To address the issue of non-response bias in evaluating employee counseling programs, organizations can employ strategies such as incentivizing survey participation, ensuring confidentiality and anonymity in feedback collection, and following up with non-respondents to encourage their input.

In conclusion, while employee counseling programs play a crucial role in supporting employee well-being, it is imperative for organizations to recognize and mitigate non-response bias in feedback evaluation processes. By improving survey response rates and ensuring the representativeness of collected data, employers can make more informed decisions to enhance the effectiveness and impact of their counseling services.

 

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