While many industries in the Singapore economy are facing months of declining revenue during the pandemic, the grocery market has been experiencing an upward trend in revenue and the growth momentum is predicted to continue in the next one year. In 2020, it is estimated that there are more than 500 supermarket stores in the Singapore and the grocery market size is expected to hit S$9.9billion in 2023.

Even though there are about four major supermarket chains operating in Singapore, the competition in this industry has been fierce amid a shrinking local population. To thrive in this ultra-competitive industry, the management of a local supermarket chain wants to strengthen its market share in Singapore by bolstering its marketing efforts in the next few years. It is planning to launch a series of marketing campaign to attract more Singaporeans to spend more in its stores and thereby increase its market share in the grocery market.

The management of this supermarket chain believes that the best way to attract visitors to spend more in its stores is to increase the satisfaction level of its customers. To help the management better understand the attitudes of the grocery shoppers in Singapore, the supermarket chain would like to conduct a marketing research study. In particular, the management would like to find out whether factors such as brand image, service quality, perceived price, and corporate social responsibility (CSR) are important drivers of customer satisfaction.

Task
Assuming you are the marketing research consultant contacted by this local supermarket chain to design a marketing research study to meet the requirements of the management.

a) Research design
You are to write and submit a research proposal for the research study. In the proposal, you are to recommend a suitable research design to meet the objectives of the research study. In the proposal, you must provide justifications whether to conduct qualitative and/or quantitative research by comparing the applications and limitations of these two research approaches. You are expected to provide examples of business applications for these two research approaches. (~1,000 words)

b) Assuming that after studying a few research proposals from different marketing research agencies, the management decides to commission your company for the research study and wants to conduct a two-stage research design starting with qualitative research using online focus groups and then followed by quantitative study using telephone survey.

i) Online focus group discussions
As the moderator, explain how you would go about planning and conducting the online focus groups. The purpose of the online focus groups is to identify the key factors that will influence customer satisfaction and the findings will

As the moderator, explain how you would go about planning and conducting the online focus groups. The purpose of the online focus groups is to identify the key factors that will influence customer satisfaction and the findings will be used in the questionnaire’s design for the quantitative phase. You are expected to propose a maximum of 10 themes (with a maximum 3 questions for each theme) for the online focus group discussions. (~800 words)

ii) Telephone survey
For the quantitative phase of the research, you are to propose how you will select (or sample) the respondents for the telephone survey. In your discussion, you are to examine the benefits and limitations of non-probability and probability sampling. In addition, you are to select a sampling method (to choose between non-probability or probability sampling) and justify the selection of the sampling method you have chosen. (~800 words)

c) While searching for some documents in the company’s library, the marketing manager of the supermarket chain found several past marketing research reports discussing the factors driving customer satisfaction for the grocery industry. All these research reports were based on past surveys conducted with general consumers in Singapore. The marketing manager also noticed that most of these reports were written more than 10 years ago. You are to provide suggestions on how the management could make use of the information found in these marketing research reports. Your answers should also include the limitations of using such information. (~400 words)

1. Develop and design research to address a given business scenario
2. Compare the advantages and disadvantages of qualitative and quantitative research techniques

Sample solution

Dante Alighieri played a critical role in the literature world through his poem Divine Comedy that was written in the 14th century. The poem contains Inferno, Purgatorio, and Paradiso. The Inferno is a description of the nine circles of torment that are found on the earth. It depicts the realms of the people that have gone against the spiritual values and who, instead, have chosen bestial appetite, violence, or fraud and malice. The nine circles of hell are limbo, lust, gluttony, greed and wrath. Others are heresy, violence, fraud, and treachery. The purpose of this paper is to examine the Dante’s Inferno in the perspective of its portrayal of God’s image and the justification of hell. 

In this epic poem, God is portrayed as a super being guilty of multiple weaknesses including being egotistic, unjust, and hypocritical. Dante, in this poem, depicts God as being more human than divine by challenging God’s omnipotence. Additionally, the manner in which Dante describes Hell is in full contradiction to the morals of God as written in the Bible. When god arranges Hell to flatter Himself, He commits egotism, a sin that is common among human beings (Cheney, 2016). The weakness is depicted in Limbo and on the Gate of Hell where, for instance, God sends those who do not worship Him to Hell. This implies that failure to worship Him is a sin.

God is also depicted as lacking justice in His actions thus removing the godly image. The injustice is portrayed by the manner in which the sodomites and opportunists are treated. The opportunists are subjected to banner chasing in their lives after death followed by being stung by insects and maggots. They are known to having done neither good nor bad during their lifetimes and, therefore, justice could have demanded that they be granted a neutral punishment having lived a neutral life. The sodomites are also punished unfairly by God when Brunetto Lattini is condemned to hell despite being a good leader (Babor, T. F., McGovern, T., & Robaina, K. (2017). While he commited sodomy, God chooses to ignore all the other good deeds that Brunetto did.

Finally, God is also portrayed as being hypocritical in His actions, a sin that further diminishes His godliness and makes Him more human. A case in point is when God condemns the sin of egotism and goes ahead to commit it repeatedly. Proverbs 29:23 states that “arrogance will bring your downfall, but if you are humble, you will be respected.” When Slattery condemns Dante’s human state as being weak, doubtful, and limited, he is proving God’s hypocrisy because He is also human (Verdicchio, 2015). The actions of God in Hell as portrayed by Dante are inconsistent with the Biblical literature. Both Dante and God are prone to making mistakes, something common among human beings thus making God more human.

To wrap it up, Dante portrays God is more human since He commits the same sins that humans commit: egotism, hypocrisy, and injustice. Hell is justified as being a destination for victims of the mistakes committed by God. The Hell is presented as being a totally different place as compared to what is written about it in the Bible. As a result, reading through the text gives an image of God who is prone to the very mistakes common to humans thus ripping Him off His lofty status of divine and, instead, making Him a mere human. Whether or not Dante did it intentionally is subject to debate but one thing is clear in the poem: the misconstrued notion of God is revealed to future generations.

 

References

Babor, T. F., McGovern, T., & Robaina, K. (2017). Dante’s inferno: Seven deadly sins in scientific publishing and how to avoid them. Addiction Science: A Guide for the Perplexed, 267.

Cheney, L. D. G. (2016). Illustrations for Dante’s Inferno: A Comparative Study of Sandro Botticelli, Giovanni Stradano, and Federico Zuccaro. Cultural and Religious Studies4(8), 487.

Verdicchio, M. (2015). Irony and Desire in Dante’s” Inferno” 27. Italica, 285-297.

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