The film Doubt is a 2008 Academy Award winning film including stars Amy Adams, Phillip Seymour Hoffman, Meryl Streep, and Viola Davis. Set in 1964, when the culture tides are changing quickly in America, conflict arises in a small Catholic school in the Bronx, New York. Various relationships are challenged, morals and values are tested, and conviction and certainty are swaying in the wind.

The requirements:
• 5 pages (at least)
• 12-point Times New Roman font
• Double spaced
• 1-inch margins on top and bottom
• Name in top left-hand corner

You will find a list of questions below to answer in regard to the film. I am looking for you to answer the questions thoroughly but be careful not to stray away from the question. Stay within the boundaries of each question. I would like for you to organize this paper just as I have below, by numbering your responses (but do not include the questions). If there are numerous questions, or sections of the questions, make it as organized and as easy to read and follow as possible. This is definitely a portion of your grade. Each question will earn up to 10 points. The follow up paragraph (instructions at the bottom of the page) will earn up to 50 points.

1) At the beginning of the course and addressed in Chapter 1 of Wilmot and Hocker it is explained that perception plays a major role in any conflict scenario. We know that our perception is constructed by our experiences, which shape our expectations about “how the world is supposed to be. For these particular characters share with me some insight into what your thoughts are on why these characters are who they are based on the above elements.

Father Flynn
Sister Aloysius
Mrs. Miller (Donald’s mother)
Sister James

2) Assessing these same characters, using your text, suggest what type of conflict style each of these characters seems to exhibit most frequently (Chapter 5, Hocker and Wilmot). Explain in detail using specific examples from the film to express how you came to this conclusion. Within each of these conflicts you will discuss, identify the interests and goals of the parties involved (Chapter 3, Hocker and Wilmot).

3) Chapter 2 of Wilmot and Hocker addresses culture as a factor in creating conflict. Talk about some of the examples of the cultural setting of the movie and how some of the scenarios might play out differently in our current culture. Do stereotypes play a role? Do assumptions play a role? What are some gender differences you see throughout the film?

4) Doubt writer/director John Patrick Shanley recently said, “We are living in an age of extreme advocacy, of confrontation, of judgment and verdict. Discussion has given way to debate. Communication has become a contest of wills. Public talking has become obnoxious and insincere. Why? It’s because deep down under the chatter, we have come to a place where we don’t know anything. But nobody’s willing to say that.”

Elaborate on this statement. What are your thoughts? What examples can you provide where you have seen this manifest?

5) Chapter 3 of Wilmot and Hocker covers positions versus interests. Since you understand the difference, who do you see in this film holding on to positions versus interests? When have you held a position in an argument past the point of comfort? Provide some examples. If you don’t feel you have any examples to share, or your answer is “I haven’t”, then talk about why you think you’ve managed to avoid this scenario up to this point. Is there something you KNOW you would absolutely hold your position on? What is it and why are you so convicted of it?
6) Upon her accusations that Father Flynn has engaged in questionable behavior with Donald, the altar boy, this exchange occurs: Father Brendan Flynn: “You haven’t the slightest proof of anything!”
Sister Aloysius Beauvier: “But I have my certainty! And armed with that, I will go to your last parish, and the one before that if necessary. I’ll find a parent.”
This exchange is one of the most intense of the film. When is certainty without proof enough? What is proof? Why do you think Sister Aloysius is so certain? Is certainty proof, or is certainty ammunition to find proof?
7) Chapter 4 Wilmot and Hocker of addresses the role of POWER in conflict. Discuss the types of power (or lack of power) that each of the main characters seems to hold.
8) Sister Aloysius is convicted to her beliefs and “how the world is supposed to be”, leaving little wiggle room for progress (as some would perceive it). For instance, she did not stand for the girls “dolling up” with barrettes in their hair, or ball point pens, or introducing secular music such as Frosty the Snowman into the Christmas Pageant. At what point do you stand on your own convictions versus “relaxing a little” in order to fit more with the world around you? What is a specific example you can share?
9) Emotions seemed to rule the conflict scenarios in this film, and emotions begin to complicate the communication efforts of the characters. Chapter 6 of Wilmot and Hocker discusses emotion in conflict; specifically reference the section on page 193, principles of emotion in conflict. There are six principles listed here, each example appearing numerous times throughout the film. Provide at least one example of each of the principles that appear throughout the film.
10) At the end of the movie Sister Aloysius says to Sister James “I have doubts. I have such doubts.” The entire film Sister Aloysius acts on her certainty. What do you think she means by this at the end?

**Those are all the questions I have specifically designed for you. I would like for you to now include any personal thoughts, questions, or insight that you have left for discussion. What are your final thoughts? (Please include a 500-word response that doesn’t simply rehash the questions above. 500 words is about a page double spaced.)
Here are some ideas of things to answer:
Do you think Father Flynn is guilty or innocent?
How do you think your experiences affected your perspective of the movie and its characters? I’m curious to see how positions might differ in considering a mother’s perspective, a man’s perspective, an African American’s perspective, a Catholic perspective, a teacher’s perspective, and so on.

This entire assignment should turn out to be about 5 pages in length. Anything shorter than that (by a great margin) will significantly reduce your grade.

Sample Solution

Sample solution

Dante Alighieri played a critical role in the literature world through his poem Divine Comedy that was written in the 14th century. The poem contains Inferno, Purgatorio, and Paradiso. The Inferno is a description of the nine circles of torment that are found on the earth. It depicts the realms of the people that have gone against the spiritual values and who, instead, have chosen bestial appetite, violence, or fraud and malice. The nine circles of hell are limbo, lust, gluttony, greed and wrath. Others are heresy, violence, fraud, and treachery. The purpose of this paper is to examine the Dante’s Inferno in the perspective of its portrayal of God’s image and the justification of hell. 

In this epic poem, God is portrayed as a super being guilty of multiple weaknesses including being egotistic, unjust, and hypocritical. Dante, in this poem, depicts God as being more human than divine by challenging God’s omnipotence. Additionally, the manner in which Dante describes Hell is in full contradiction to the morals of God as written in the Bible. When god arranges Hell to flatter Himself, He commits egotism, a sin that is common among human beings (Cheney, 2016). The weakness is depicted in Limbo and on the Gate of Hell where, for instance, God sends those who do not worship Him to Hell. This implies that failure to worship Him is a sin.

God is also depicted as lacking justice in His actions thus removing the godly image. The injustice is portrayed by the manner in which the sodomites and opportunists are treated. The opportunists are subjected to banner chasing in their lives after death followed by being stung by insects and maggots. They are known to having done neither good nor bad during their lifetimes and, therefore, justice could have demanded that they be granted a neutral punishment having lived a neutral life. The sodomites are also punished unfairly by God when Brunetto Lattini is condemned to hell despite being a good leader (Babor, T. F., McGovern, T., & Robaina, K. (2017). While he commited sodomy, God chooses to ignore all the other good deeds that Brunetto did.

Finally, God is also portrayed as being hypocritical in His actions, a sin that further diminishes His godliness and makes Him more human. A case in point is when God condemns the sin of egotism and goes ahead to commit it repeatedly. Proverbs 29:23 states that “arrogance will bring your downfall, but if you are humble, you will be respected.” When Slattery condemns Dante’s human state as being weak, doubtful, and limited, he is proving God’s hypocrisy because He is also human (Verdicchio, 2015). The actions of God in Hell as portrayed by Dante are inconsistent with the Biblical literature. Both Dante and God are prone to making mistakes, something common among human beings thus making God more human.

To wrap it up, Dante portrays God is more human since He commits the same sins that humans commit: egotism, hypocrisy, and injustice. Hell is justified as being a destination for victims of the mistakes committed by God. The Hell is presented as being a totally different place as compared to what is written about it in the Bible. As a result, reading through the text gives an image of God who is prone to the very mistakes common to humans thus ripping Him off His lofty status of divine and, instead, making Him a mere human. Whether or not Dante did it intentionally is subject to debate but one thing is clear in the poem: the misconstrued notion of God is revealed to future generations.

 

References

Babor, T. F., McGovern, T., & Robaina, K. (2017). Dante’s inferno: Seven deadly sins in scientific publishing and how to avoid them. Addiction Science: A Guide for the Perplexed, 267.

Cheney, L. D. G. (2016). Illustrations for Dante’s Inferno: A Comparative Study of Sandro Botticelli, Giovanni Stradano, and Federico Zuccaro. Cultural and Religious Studies4(8), 487.

Verdicchio, M. (2015). Irony and Desire in Dante’s” Inferno” 27. Italica, 285-297.

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