Promoting media use for modernization (Daniel Lerner) could have unexpected effects (e.g., the Algerian revolution). Explain with reference to Frantz Fanon’s discussion of the way the FLN, and Algerian supporters of the revolution, used the radio. Also discuss with Foucault’s argument about the Shah of Iran’s flawed or outdated modernization, and the importance of a) Islamic spirituality, and b) “small media” such as cassette tapes. Draw on Marshall McLuhan’s conception of ‘media’ as applying broadly to any and all aspects of the human body and the environment.
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