After screening all the YouTube video lecture presentations provided in this module, think about what you learned or discovered this week. These discoveries will become the basis of your “Five Important Points.” Write out the ideas you find most important, explain why you chose them, and be sure to discuss specific photographs to support and/or facilitate your points. As each module has a few YouTube lectures, please be sure to provide a random sampling of points so that you are writing at least five points on ALL of the lectures combined rather than just one lecture.

Remember, the goal is to demonstrate understanding of topics and ideas so be sure to discuss photographs when applicable to points being made. For example, if you write a point about a photographer or a photographic movement or even a photo process per se, be sure to provide a photographic example and explain how this photographic example applies to your discussion. You may embed photos if you so desire. Also, please note how important it is to write in your own words rather than copying from the lectures verbatim.

videos that needed to be watched

Example of UNSATISFACTORY points:

  1. “Photography was invented because painting was too expensive for most.”

While this is a true statement it does not follow the instructions. It is not three or more sentences and does not contain enough details in terms of demonstrating a thorough understanding of chosen topic.

  1. “Joseph Nicephore Niepce made the oldest photo in 1826-27. It’s dark and blurry and hard to read.”

While this is also a true statement, it does not follow the instructions. It’s much too short in length, does not identify the photo in question “A View from his Window at Le Gras,” and does not contain enough details in terms of demonstrating a thorough understanding of chosen topic.

Examples of SATISFACTORY random points:

  1. “Niepce made the photo “A View From His Window at Le Gras.” It’s said to be the oldest known permanent camera based photo and dates back to 1826-27. He used bitumen because it is sensitive to light and that is what made this photo a successful negative. While this rooftop photo seems inferior as compared to the photography of today, its historical significance lies in its invention.”
  2. “While there were many other inventors of the photographic process, Louis Daguerre was given the credit because he got to the finish line first. This is because his associate, Francois Arago, presented his camera process to the Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1839. As the Academy was blown away with Daguerre’s invention, they wanted it to be France’s gift to the world.”
  3. “Photography was born out of the desire to commemorate one’s existence. As painting was more of an aristocratic endeavor, middle and lower class society members could only get likenesses made from silhouette and physionotrace machines which were much cheaper. While these machines made profile likenesses in a drawing format, nothing compared to Daguerre’s invention that provided crisp and clear photographic images.”
  4. “Anna Atkins’ “Algae Flagellatum” seems like a modern piece of art. I love how the algae floats beautifully in the 3D space. This photograph is blue in color because Atkins used the cynaotype process created by another photographer named Herschel. Atkins is important to this discussion because she is one of the very first female photographers in history.”
  5. “Daguerre’s photo “Boulevard du Temple” is one of the first known daguerreotypes made by the inventor of photography (or man given the credit for the invention). The photo is crisp and clear and depicts a street scene that includes a building and shoe shine worker. Apparently, there was a horse and carriage moving down the street in the scene but the early process could not capture this type of movement at the time since the process was slow.”

Sample solution

Dante Alighieri played a critical role in the literature world through his poem Divine Comedy that was written in the 14th century. The poem contains Inferno, Purgatorio, and Paradiso. The Inferno is a description of the nine circles of torment that are found on the earth. It depicts the realms of the people that have gone against the spiritual values and who, instead, have chosen bestial appetite, violence, or fraud and malice. The nine circles of hell are limbo, lust, gluttony, greed and wrath. Others are heresy, violence, fraud, and treachery. The purpose of this paper is to examine the Dante’s Inferno in the perspective of its portrayal of God’s image and the justification of hell. 

In this epic poem, God is portrayed as a super being guilty of multiple weaknesses including being egotistic, unjust, and hypocritical. Dante, in this poem, depicts God as being more human than divine by challenging God’s omnipotence. Additionally, the manner in which Dante describes Hell is in full contradiction to the morals of God as written in the Bible. When god arranges Hell to flatter Himself, He commits egotism, a sin that is common among human beings (Cheney, 2016). The weakness is depicted in Limbo and on the Gate of Hell where, for instance, God sends those who do not worship Him to Hell. This implies that failure to worship Him is a sin.

God is also depicted as lacking justice in His actions thus removing the godly image. The injustice is portrayed by the manner in which the sodomites and opportunists are treated. The opportunists are subjected to banner chasing in their lives after death followed by being stung by insects and maggots. They are known to having done neither good nor bad during their lifetimes and, therefore, justice could have demanded that they be granted a neutral punishment having lived a neutral life. The sodomites are also punished unfairly by God when Brunetto Lattini is condemned to hell despite being a good leader (Babor, T. F., McGovern, T., & Robaina, K. (2017). While he commited sodomy, God chooses to ignore all the other good deeds that Brunetto did.

Finally, God is also portrayed as being hypocritical in His actions, a sin that further diminishes His godliness and makes Him more human. A case in point is when God condemns the sin of egotism and goes ahead to commit it repeatedly. Proverbs 29:23 states that “arrogance will bring your downfall, but if you are humble, you will be respected.” When Slattery condemns Dante’s human state as being weak, doubtful, and limited, he is proving God’s hypocrisy because He is also human (Verdicchio, 2015). The actions of God in Hell as portrayed by Dante are inconsistent with the Biblical literature. Both Dante and God are prone to making mistakes, something common among human beings thus making God more human.

To wrap it up, Dante portrays God is more human since He commits the same sins that humans commit: egotism, hypocrisy, and injustice. Hell is justified as being a destination for victims of the mistakes committed by God. The Hell is presented as being a totally different place as compared to what is written about it in the Bible. As a result, reading through the text gives an image of God who is prone to the very mistakes common to humans thus ripping Him off His lofty status of divine and, instead, making Him a mere human. Whether or not Dante did it intentionally is subject to debate but one thing is clear in the poem: the misconstrued notion of God is revealed to future generations.

 

References

Babor, T. F., McGovern, T., & Robaina, K. (2017). Dante’s inferno: Seven deadly sins in scientific publishing and how to avoid them. Addiction Science: A Guide for the Perplexed, 267.

Cheney, L. D. G. (2016). Illustrations for Dante’s Inferno: A Comparative Study of Sandro Botticelli, Giovanni Stradano, and Federico Zuccaro. Cultural and Religious Studies4(8), 487.

Verdicchio, M. (2015). Irony and Desire in Dante’s” Inferno” 27. Italica, 285-297.

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