- What were the inherent flaws of the neocolonial order and how were they manifested?
- Explain the decline of the Conservative-Liberal cleavage and the rise of a new politics of acquisition.
- Assess the Mexican economic advance under Porfirio Díaz.
- Discuss the Argentine oligarchy’s land policy and its economic and social consequences.
- Discuss Balmaceda’s economic program for Chile and the significance of its defeat.
- What role did foreign investment play in Peru’s late 19th century economic development and how was it affected by the War of the Pacific?
- Describe the ideology and objectives of nineteenth-century Central American liberalism as illustrated by Justo Rufino Barrios and his reform program.
- Describe Antonio Guzmán Blanco’s program for the modernization of Venezuelan society and assess its effectiveness.
- What policies did Rafael Núñez implement in Colombia and how did they affect national economic development?
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