Watch the documentary ‘Who’s Afraid of Conceptual Art?’ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qwp-Vx_9Fbw&t=588s
and reread the last several sections of the Erica Doss text on ‘Minimalism and Conceptual Art,’ then answer the questions below. These should be well-developed answers that address all parts of the question.

1.)

Conceptual art moves away from the importance of a sacred art object or any emphasis on a final product, instead, the work focuses on and emphasizes the concept or idea behind the work: as artist Sol LeWitt states “An idea becomes the machine that makes art.” Conceptual art challenges the viewer to engage with the various systems or structures of meaning that define and organize our understandings of self and society.

1) How do conceptual art pieces like Chris Burden’s subliminal message commercials from 1974-1977 and Cildo Meireles’ ‘Insertions into Ideological Circuits, Coca-Cola Project’ from 1970 invite the viewer to become a participant in the work? How do these artists work within the systems of cultural production, distribution and reception? Finally, discuss the ways in which Pop-Art can be connected to these instances of conceptual art and whether or not Andy Warhol or Claes Oldenburg would approve of these projects. Begin with a description of both works.

(Chris Burden TV Commercials)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=s8QrrExMUvQ

2.)

In conceptual, the work itself is not where the art lies and it is not where the meaning entirely lies – it is instead in the process as a whole, in the totality of the ‘project’ from conception to production – the art object is a document of this process.

These pieces range greatly in their appeal to the expressive and emotional side of the human experience. Some pieces like Joseph Kossuth’s ‘Information Exhibit’ from his ‘Art as Idea as Idea’ present a rigid and bureaucratic aesthetic presenting dictionary definitions on canvas as a way to escape the ‘image’ altogether. Other work like artist Mary Kelly’s ‘Postpartum Document’ present a much more personal, emotional appeal that brings the viewer directly into the artists emotional world. Describe these two works and discuss the differences and similarities between them. How does Mary Kelly’s work go beyond the original framework of conceptual art discussed in the reading and reconnect with the Neo-Dadaist call to create a fusion between art and life? How can we relate her work back to Rauschenberg and his combines like ‘Bed’ or ‘Canyon’?

3.)

Humor is a very important part of the conceptual art practice. Both through critical satire and appeals to the absurd, conceptual artists keep the modernist tradition of the artist-trickster or prankster, first started by the Dadaists, alive.

Why was Duchamp such an important part of this legacy? How did his work preempt or influence the work of artists like Piero Manzoni, Joseph Beuys or Christian Jankowski? Give direct examples and describe what aspects of the work link back to Duchamp and his influence on conceptual art.

4.)

In your own words, discuss the appeal of poet/ conceptual artist Robert Montgomery’s work. In the documentary we saw several pieces including his ‘The People You Love’ from 2010. What kind of ‘work’ does the artist ask the viewer to put into the piece? Do his large-scale word art pieces succeed in slowing down the viewer? What is it about language that affects us differently than images?

Sample Solution

Sample solution

Dante Alighieri played a critical role in the literature world through his poem Divine Comedy that was written in the 14th century. The poem contains Inferno, Purgatorio, and Paradiso. The Inferno is a description of the nine circles of torment that are found on the earth. It depicts the realms of the people that have gone against the spiritual values and who, instead, have chosen bestial appetite, violence, or fraud and malice. The nine circles of hell are limbo, lust, gluttony, greed and wrath. Others are heresy, violence, fraud, and treachery. The purpose of this paper is to examine the Dante’s Inferno in the perspective of its portrayal of God’s image and the justification of hell. 

In this epic poem, God is portrayed as a super being guilty of multiple weaknesses including being egotistic, unjust, and hypocritical. Dante, in this poem, depicts God as being more human than divine by challenging God’s omnipotence. Additionally, the manner in which Dante describes Hell is in full contradiction to the morals of God as written in the Bible. When god arranges Hell to flatter Himself, He commits egotism, a sin that is common among human beings (Cheney, 2016). The weakness is depicted in Limbo and on the Gate of Hell where, for instance, God sends those who do not worship Him to Hell. This implies that failure to worship Him is a sin.

God is also depicted as lacking justice in His actions thus removing the godly image. The injustice is portrayed by the manner in which the sodomites and opportunists are treated. The opportunists are subjected to banner chasing in their lives after death followed by being stung by insects and maggots. They are known to having done neither good nor bad during their lifetimes and, therefore, justice could have demanded that they be granted a neutral punishment having lived a neutral life. The sodomites are also punished unfairly by God when Brunetto Lattini is condemned to hell despite being a good leader (Babor, T. F., McGovern, T., & Robaina, K. (2017). While he commited sodomy, God chooses to ignore all the other good deeds that Brunetto did.

Finally, God is also portrayed as being hypocritical in His actions, a sin that further diminishes His godliness and makes Him more human. A case in point is when God condemns the sin of egotism and goes ahead to commit it repeatedly. Proverbs 29:23 states that “arrogance will bring your downfall, but if you are humble, you will be respected.” When Slattery condemns Dante’s human state as being weak, doubtful, and limited, he is proving God’s hypocrisy because He is also human (Verdicchio, 2015). The actions of God in Hell as portrayed by Dante are inconsistent with the Biblical literature. Both Dante and God are prone to making mistakes, something common among human beings thus making God more human.

To wrap it up, Dante portrays God is more human since He commits the same sins that humans commit: egotism, hypocrisy, and injustice. Hell is justified as being a destination for victims of the mistakes committed by God. The Hell is presented as being a totally different place as compared to what is written about it in the Bible. As a result, reading through the text gives an image of God who is prone to the very mistakes common to humans thus ripping Him off His lofty status of divine and, instead, making Him a mere human. Whether or not Dante did it intentionally is subject to debate but one thing is clear in the poem: the misconstrued notion of God is revealed to future generations.

 

References

Babor, T. F., McGovern, T., & Robaina, K. (2017). Dante’s inferno: Seven deadly sins in scientific publishing and how to avoid them. Addiction Science: A Guide for the Perplexed, 267.

Cheney, L. D. G. (2016). Illustrations for Dante’s Inferno: A Comparative Study of Sandro Botticelli, Giovanni Stradano, and Federico Zuccaro. Cultural and Religious Studies4(8), 487.

Verdicchio, M. (2015). Irony and Desire in Dante’s” Inferno” 27. Italica, 285-297.

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