The interaction of supply and demand determines prices and output levels in markets. Prices and output levels change when either the demand curve or the supply curve shifts. Sometimes price and output both increase and decrease. Sometimes one increases while the other decreases.
• Consider a situation where the price of goods rises when output increases. For example, lithium is used in rechargeable batteries for computers, phones, other electronic goods, and even certain cars. Demand for lithium was low as recently as the early 2000s. Since then, both the price of lithium and the production of lithium has more than doubled.
• Respond to these questions:
o What could explain the simultaneous increases in the price of lithium and the production of lithium? Use supply and demand curves to explain your answer.
o Hint: Price and equilibrium quantity have both increased. Would a shift in the demand curve or a shift in the supply curve lead to this result?
