1) The best way to handle data in a consistent manner within an AIS is to design a coding system for products, as well as a coding system for the general ledger accounts. Describe the four guidelines that result in a better coding system.
2) Discuss the weaknesses in COSO’s internal control framework that lead to the development of the Enterprise Risk Management framework.
3) (TCO C) Classify the following controls as preventive, detective, or corrective.
(1) Periodic bank reconciliation
(2) Separation of cash and accounting records
(3) Maintaining backup copies of master and transaction files
(4) Prenumbering of sales invoices
(5) Chart of accounts
(6) Retina scan before entering a sensitive R & D facility
(7) Resubmission of transactions for subsequent processing
(8) Internal auditor rechecking the debits and credits on the payment voucher
(9) Depositing all cash receipts intact
(10) Qualified accounting personnel
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4)
Explain how information technology can be used to improve the vendor invoice approval process.
5) The owner of a small family-owned business currently prepares his own payroll manually but he is considering switching to an AIS. He is skeptical about the security of the information and asked you to educate him about the types of unauthorized changes to payroll data, and explain at least two controls that would maintain the integrity of the payroll master file.
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6)
(TCO F) Explain the preparation of financial statements as the third step in the general ledger and reporting system.
7)
(TCO G) When designing a database, why is it not preferable to store all data in one single table? Why is it better to have multiple separate tables? Give an example of the type of data that would be stored in its own table.
8) (TCO H) As a member of a development team, you’ve been asked to develop and test the new AIS. Discuss the eight basic steps required in the implementation phase of the SDLC in the proper order they should occur.

Sample Solution

Sample solution

Dante Alighieri played a critical role in the literature world through his poem Divine Comedy that was written in the 14th century. The poem contains Inferno, Purgatorio, and Paradiso. The Inferno is a description of the nine circles of torment that are found on the earth. It depicts the realms of the people that have gone against the spiritual values and who, instead, have chosen bestial appetite, violence, or fraud and malice. The nine circles of hell are limbo, lust, gluttony, greed and wrath. Others are heresy, violence, fraud, and treachery. The purpose of this paper is to examine the Dante’s Inferno in the perspective of its portrayal of God’s image and the justification of hell. 

In this epic poem, God is portrayed as a super being guilty of multiple weaknesses including being egotistic, unjust, and hypocritical. Dante, in this poem, depicts God as being more human than divine by challenging God’s omnipotence. Additionally, the manner in which Dante describes Hell is in full contradiction to the morals of God as written in the Bible. When god arranges Hell to flatter Himself, He commits egotism, a sin that is common among human beings (Cheney, 2016). The weakness is depicted in Limbo and on the Gate of Hell where, for instance, God sends those who do not worship Him to Hell. This implies that failure to worship Him is a sin.

God is also depicted as lacking justice in His actions thus removing the godly image. The injustice is portrayed by the manner in which the sodomites and opportunists are treated. The opportunists are subjected to banner chasing in their lives after death followed by being stung by insects and maggots. They are known to having done neither good nor bad during their lifetimes and, therefore, justice could have demanded that they be granted a neutral punishment having lived a neutral life. The sodomites are also punished unfairly by God when Brunetto Lattini is condemned to hell despite being a good leader (Babor, T. F., McGovern, T., & Robaina, K. (2017). While he commited sodomy, God chooses to ignore all the other good deeds that Brunetto did.

Finally, God is also portrayed as being hypocritical in His actions, a sin that further diminishes His godliness and makes Him more human. A case in point is when God condemns the sin of egotism and goes ahead to commit it repeatedly. Proverbs 29:23 states that “arrogance will bring your downfall, but if you are humble, you will be respected.” When Slattery condemns Dante’s human state as being weak, doubtful, and limited, he is proving God’s hypocrisy because He is also human (Verdicchio, 2015). The actions of God in Hell as portrayed by Dante are inconsistent with the Biblical literature. Both Dante and God are prone to making mistakes, something common among human beings thus making God more human.

To wrap it up, Dante portrays God is more human since He commits the same sins that humans commit: egotism, hypocrisy, and injustice. Hell is justified as being a destination for victims of the mistakes committed by God. The Hell is presented as being a totally different place as compared to what is written about it in the Bible. As a result, reading through the text gives an image of God who is prone to the very mistakes common to humans thus ripping Him off His lofty status of divine and, instead, making Him a mere human. Whether or not Dante did it intentionally is subject to debate but one thing is clear in the poem: the misconstrued notion of God is revealed to future generations.

 

References

Babor, T. F., McGovern, T., & Robaina, K. (2017). Dante’s inferno: Seven deadly sins in scientific publishing and how to avoid them. Addiction Science: A Guide for the Perplexed, 267.

Cheney, L. D. G. (2016). Illustrations for Dante’s Inferno: A Comparative Study of Sandro Botticelli, Giovanni Stradano, and Federico Zuccaro. Cultural and Religious Studies4(8), 487.

Verdicchio, M. (2015). Irony and Desire in Dante’s” Inferno” 27. Italica, 285-297.

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