Reforming the U.S. Healthcare System: An Economically Sensible Approach

by | Aug 21, 2023 | economics

 

 

Since the Affordable Care Act became the law of the land, there has been much written concerning its ongoing economic impact on our nation’s economy. There have also been many sound reports that few of the benchmarks set for it have ever been reached. Both good and bad has been reported concerning this massive legislation. Now that we have had a long history with the “ACA” we have started to see its impact first hand. The heated debate regarding what to do next with it has been ongoing and recently overshadowed by the COVID-19 pandemic. Politicians are not economists, and are not always known for making sound financial choices. Some have argued that the government neglected to listen to its own economists, the Congressional Budget Office when it passed this bill into law.
Instructions
Using the economic principles which you have learned throughout the semester, write an amendment to, or a replacement for the Affordable Care Act. The changes you create will need to accomplish the original stated goals of the Affordable Care Act.
For those of you who cannot remember what they were, here is a quick recap:
Bring down the overall cost of health care as it related to GDP
Provide health care services for the entire population
Provide a full prescription drug benefit for the elderly
Expand the entire scope of health care services
As an economist it is your choice what to do next. You may replace or repair the system at will, but will need to explain why and how. This is not an attack on the President personally, and as such please keep the political rhetoric out of your paper. Also keep faith out of it. The argument that “this will work” if we get everyone to believe in it, is both foolish and dangerous.

Sample solution

Dante Alighieri played a critical role in the literature world through his poem Divine Comedy that was written in the 14th century. The poem contains Inferno, Purgatorio, and Paradiso. The Inferno is a description of the nine circles of torment that are found on the earth. It depicts the realms of the people that have gone against the spiritual values and who, instead, have chosen bestial appetite, violence, or fraud and malice. The nine circles of hell are limbo, lust, gluttony, greed and wrath. Others are heresy, violence, fraud, and treachery. The purpose of this paper is to examine the Dante’s Inferno in the perspective of its portrayal of God’s image and the justification of hell. 

In this epic poem, God is portrayed as a super being guilty of multiple weaknesses including being egotistic, unjust, and hypocritical. Dante, in this poem, depicts God as being more human than divine by challenging God’s omnipotence. Additionally, the manner in which Dante describes Hell is in full contradiction to the morals of God as written in the Bible. When god arranges Hell to flatter Himself, He commits egotism, a sin that is common among human beings (Cheney, 2016). The weakness is depicted in Limbo and on the Gate of Hell where, for instance, God sends those who do not worship Him to Hell. This implies that failure to worship Him is a sin.


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God is also depicted as lacking justice in His actions thus removing the godly image. The injustice is portrayed by the manner in which the sodomites and opportunists are treated. The opportunists are subjected to banner chasing in their lives after death followed by being stung by insects and maggots. They are known to having done neither good nor bad during their lifetimes and, therefore, justice could have demanded that they be granted a neutral punishment having lived a neutral life. The sodomites are also punished unfairly by God when Brunetto Lattini is condemned to hell despite being a good leader (Babor, T. F., McGovern, T., & Robaina, K. (2017). While he commited sodomy, God chooses to ignore all the other good deeds that Brunetto did.

Finally, God is also portrayed as being hypocritical in His actions, a sin that further diminishes His godliness and makes Him more human. A case in point is when God condemns the sin of egotism and goes ahead to commit it repeatedly. Proverbs 29:23 states that “arrogance will bring your downfall, but if you are humble, you will be respected.” When Slattery condemns Dante’s human state as being weak, doubtful, and limited, he is proving God’s hypocrisy because He is also human (Verdicchio, 2015). The actions of God in Hell as portrayed by Dante are inconsistent with the Biblical literature. Both Dante and God are prone to making mistakes, something common among human beings thus making God more human.

To wrap it up, Dante portrays God is more human since He commits the same sins that humans commit: egotism, hypocrisy, and injustice. Hell is justified as being a destination for victims of the mistakes committed by God. The Hell is presented as being a totally different place as compared to what is written about it in the Bible. As a result, reading through the text gives an image of God who is prone to the very mistakes common to humans thus ripping Him off His lofty status of divine and, instead, making Him a mere human. Whether or not Dante did it intentionally is subject to debate but one thing is clear in the poem: the misconstrued notion of God is revealed to future generations.

 

References

Babor, T. F., McGovern, T., & Robaina, K. (2017). Dante’s inferno: Seven deadly sins in scientific publishing and how to avoid them. Addiction Science: A Guide for the Perplexed, 267.

Cheney, L. D. G. (2016). Illustrations for Dante’s Inferno: A Comparative Study of Sandro Botticelli, Giovanni Stradano, and Federico Zuccaro. Cultural and Religious Studies, 4(8), 487.

Verdicchio, M. (2015). Irony and Desire in Dante’s” Inferno” 27. Italica, 285-297.

Sample Answer

Sample Answer

Title: Reforming the U.S. Healthcare System: An Economically Sensible Approach

Introduction: The Affordable Care Act (ACA) has had a significant impact on the U.S. healthcare system, but it is evident that there are challenges and areas for improvement. As an economist, my proposed amendment aims to address the original goals of the ACA while ensuring economic viability and sustainability. This amendment seeks to bring down healthcare costs relative to GDP, provide universal access to healthcare services, offer a comprehensive prescription drug benefit for the elderly, and expand the scope of healthcare services.

I. Addressing the Cost of Healthcare:

Encourage price transparency: Implement policies that require healthcare providers and facilities to disclose prices for services and procedures, enabling consumers to make informed decisions and promote competition.
Promote preventive care and healthy lifestyles: Invest in public health initiatives to prevent diseases and promote healthier lifestyles, reducing the need for costly treatments in the long run.
Enhance competition: Implement regulations to foster competition among healthcare providers, insurers, and pharmaceutical companies, preventing monopolistic practices that drive up costs.
II. Universal Access to Healthcare Services:

Expand Medicaid eligibility: Increase the income threshold for Medicaid eligibility to ensure that more individuals and families have access to affordable healthcare coverage.
Implement a public option: Introduce a government-run insurance plan that competes with private insurers, providing affordable coverage options for individuals who may not qualify for Medicaid but cannot afford private insurance.
Encourage telehealth services: Invest in telehealth infrastructure to improve access to healthcare services, particularly in rural or underserved areas.
III. Comprehensive Prescription Drug Benefit for the Elderly:

Allow Medicare to negotiate drug prices: Empower Medicare to negotiate drug prices directly with pharmaceutical companies, ensuring fair and affordable pricing for prescription medications.
Promote generic alternatives: Facilitate the expedited approval process for generic drugs to increase competition and lower drug costs.
Increase transparency in drug pricing: Require pharmaceutical companies to disclose information on research and development costs, allowing for a better understanding of pricing decisions.
IV. Expanding the Scope of Healthcare Services:

Invest in primary care: Increase funding for primary care services to ensure early detection and prevention of diseases, reducing the need for costly specialized care.
Support medical education and training: Provide incentives for healthcare professionals to pursue primary care specialties and practice in underserved areas, addressing workforce shortages.
Promote integrated care models: Encourage collaboration between healthcare providers, integrating physical and mental health services to enhance patient outcomes and reduce overall costs.
Conclusion: This proposed amendment addresses the original goals of the ACA by focusing on cost containment, universal access, comprehensive prescription drug benefits for seniors, and expanding the scope of healthcare services. By combining market-based approaches with targeted government interventions, this amendment seeks to create a sustainable and economically sensible healthcare system that ensures affordable and accessible care for all Americans. It is essential to prioritize evidence-based policies that drive positive economic outcomes while meeting the healthcare needs of our population.

 

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