Applying Neo-Classical Theory in Criminal Justice Management

by | Jul 15, 2024 | criminal justice

Question 1: Using the assigned readings on the application of neo-classical theory, use the following questions as a guide to create an original post to this discussion forum addressing the issues raised in them. While you do not have to answer every question (use them to guide your discussion of issues you think are important or confusing), it is important to provide thorough but concise posts, in which you identify and fully discuss any issues you see as related to the topic and provide supportive arguments and evidence. 1-2 sentence answers are not sufficient. While you do not need to provide formal references (i.e., APA style not required), you must always state the basis for your positions, especially in the case of any factual claims. It is sufficient to simply name the source of your information (e.g., Fayol (1949) proposed that managers; provide the URL for website). Then you must post a response to at least one other students original post focus on pushing (constructively) other students to consider the issues more deeply, more critically and/or from a different perspective. Remember, this is designed to be an open class discussion of the ideas presented in the readings in which we help one another to clarify and refine our collective understanding of the theoretical ideas and their application to issues in CJ Management.

Question 2: Based on the course readings, answer the following questions
What two new principles emerged in the modern school?
What are the fundamental differences between the classical, the neo-classical, and the modern schools?
Can the general concepts and principles of each school be applied to CJ organizations together, or are they mutually exclusive?
Question 3: Summarize the information from DeCarlo and Dlugolenski (2021, p.189-227). (approx. 450 words)
Question 4: Summarize the information from DeCarlo and Dlugolenski (2021, p.229-247). (approx. 450 words)

 

Sample solution

Dante Alighieri played a critical role in the literature world through his poem Divine Comedy that was written in the 14th century. The poem contains Inferno, Purgatorio, and Paradiso. The Inferno is a description of the nine circles of torment that are found on the earth. It depicts the realms of the people that have gone against the spiritual values and who, instead, have chosen bestial appetite, violence, or fraud and malice. The nine circles of hell are limbo, lust, gluttony, greed and wrath. Others are heresy, violence, fraud, and treachery. The purpose of this paper is to examine the Dante’s Inferno in the perspective of its portrayal of God’s image and the justification of hell. 

In this epic poem, God is portrayed as a super being guilty of multiple weaknesses including being egotistic, unjust, and hypocritical. Dante, in this poem, depicts God as being more human than divine by challenging God’s omnipotence. Additionally, the manner in which Dante describes Hell is in full contradiction to the morals of God as written in the Bible. When god arranges Hell to flatter Himself, He commits egotism, a sin that is common among human beings (Cheney, 2016). The weakness is depicted in Limbo and on the Gate of Hell where, for instance, God sends those who do not worship Him to Hell. This implies that failure to worship Him is a sin.


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God is also depicted as lacking justice in His actions thus removing the godly image. The injustice is portrayed by the manner in which the sodomites and opportunists are treated. The opportunists are subjected to banner chasing in their lives after death followed by being stung by insects and maggots. They are known to having done neither good nor bad during their lifetimes and, therefore, justice could have demanded that they be granted a neutral punishment having lived a neutral life. The sodomites are also punished unfairly by God when Brunetto Lattini is condemned to hell despite being a good leader (Babor, T. F., McGovern, T., & Robaina, K. (2017). While he commited sodomy, God chooses to ignore all the other good deeds that Brunetto did.

Finally, God is also portrayed as being hypocritical in His actions, a sin that further diminishes His godliness and makes Him more human. A case in point is when God condemns the sin of egotism and goes ahead to commit it repeatedly. Proverbs 29:23 states that “arrogance will bring your downfall, but if you are humble, you will be respected.” When Slattery condemns Dante’s human state as being weak, doubtful, and limited, he is proving God’s hypocrisy because He is also human (Verdicchio, 2015). The actions of God in Hell as portrayed by Dante are inconsistent with the Biblical literature. Both Dante and God are prone to making mistakes, something common among human beings thus making God more human.

To wrap it up, Dante portrays God is more human since He commits the same sins that humans commit: egotism, hypocrisy, and injustice. Hell is justified as being a destination for victims of the mistakes committed by God. The Hell is presented as being a totally different place as compared to what is written about it in the Bible. As a result, reading through the text gives an image of God who is prone to the very mistakes common to humans thus ripping Him off His lofty status of divine and, instead, making Him a mere human. Whether or not Dante did it intentionally is subject to debate but one thing is clear in the poem: the misconstrued notion of God is revealed to future generations.

 

References

Babor, T. F., McGovern, T., & Robaina, K. (2017). Dante’s inferno: Seven deadly sins in scientific publishing and how to avoid them. Addiction Science: A Guide for the Perplexed, 267.

Cheney, L. D. G. (2016). Illustrations for Dante’s Inferno: A Comparative Study of Sandro Botticelli, Giovanni Stradano, and Federico Zuccaro. Cultural and Religious Studies, 4(8), 487.

Verdicchio, M. (2015). Irony and Desire in Dante’s” Inferno” 27. Italica, 285-297.

Sample Answer

Sample Answer

 

 

 

Applying Neo-Classical Theory in Criminal Justice Management

Introduction

Neo-classical theory has significantly influenced the field of criminal justice management by introducing new principles and approaches to organizational management. This essay aims to explore the application of neo-classical theory in criminal justice organizations, discussing its relevance, implications, and potential impact on managerial practices.

Thesis Statement

Neo-classical theory has introduced innovative principles that address the limitations of classical management theories, providing a more human-centric approach to organizational management in the criminal justice sector. By incorporating aspects such as employee motivation, communication, and leadership styles, neo-classical theory offers a more comprehensive framework for improving organizational effectiveness and employee satisfaction within CJ organizations.

New Principles in the Modern School

Two new principles that have emerged in the modern school of thought are the emphasis on employee empowerment and participative decision-making. These principles focus on involving employees in the decision-making process, fostering a sense of ownership and accountability within the organization.

Fundamental Differences Between Classical, Neo-Classical, and Modern Schools

The classical school of thought emphasizes hierarchical structures, strict division of labor, and a focus on efficiency and productivity. In contrast, the neo-classical school introduces a more humanistic approach, considering factors such as employee needs, motivations, and social interactions. The modern school builds upon these principles by emphasizing adaptability, innovation, and continuous improvement in response to changing external environments.

Applicability of Concepts Across Schools in CJ Organizations

While each school of thought offers unique perspectives on organizational management, they are not mutually exclusive. The general concepts and principles of classical, neo-classical, and modern schools can be applied together in CJ organizations to create a holistic approach to management. By integrating aspects of each school, criminal justice organizations can leverage a diverse range of strategies to enhance operational efficiency, employee satisfaction, and overall performance.

Conclusion

In conclusion, the application of neo-classical theory in criminal justice management represents a significant advancement in organizational theory and practice. By adopting principles that focus on employee empowerment, participative decision-making, and human-centric management approaches, CJ organizations can create a more inclusive and effective work environment. By combining elements from classical, neo-classical, and modern schools of thought, criminal justice managers can develop comprehensive strategies to address complex challenges and drive organizational success in the ever-evolving field of criminal justice management.

 

 

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