Art History
The early societies that we have been discussing in lecture have, for the most part, been illiterate societies that even when a written language existed, it was typically understood by a small percentage of the population. Therefore, communicating to the masses was accomplished through art and architecture, due to its high level of visibility and ability to be understood by all. For this topic, choose 2-3 works of art and architecture and analyze how these works “spoke” to the larger population. Make sure that you include look at all aspects, including the individual visual components, material, intended audience and message, where the object or structure was located, how successful you believe it was, etc.
Throughout history, art and architecture have served as powerful means of communication in illiterate societies. These visual forms of expression were accessible to the masses and conveyed messages that could be understood by a wide audience. In this essay, I will analyze three notable works of art and architecture and explore how they effectively communicated with the larger population.
The Great Pyramids of Giza:
Visual Components: The pyramids are monumental structures built with precision and grandeur. Their triangular shape, towering height, and smooth stone surfaces create a sense of awe and majesty.
Material: The pyramids were constructed using limestone and granite, showcasing the technological prowess and resourcefulness of ancient Egyptian civilization.
Intended Audience and Message: The pyramids were intended to convey the power and divine authority of the pharaohs who commissioned their construction. They served as tombs for the pharaohs, symbolizing their eternal existence and divine connection.
Location: The pyramids were located on the outskirts of the ancient city of Memphis, visible from afar. Their strategic placement made them visible to a large population, reinforcing the pharaoh’s authority and reminding the people of the greatness of their rulers.
Success: The pyramids were highly successful in communicating the message of the pharaoh’s power and divinity. Their sheer size and impressive construction left a lasting impact on the population, instilling a sense of reverence and awe towards the ruling class.
The Parthenon:
Visual Components: The Parthenon is an architectural masterpiece with its classical Greek design characterized by balanced proportions, Doric columns, and intricate friezes. The sculptures adorning the pediments and metopes depicted mythological narratives.
Material: The Parthenon was constructed using marble, a material associated with beauty, strength, and permanence. Its white color also added to its visual appeal.
Intended Audience and Message: The Parthenon was built as a temple dedicated to the goddess Athena, the patron deity of Athens. It served as a symbol of Athenian power, democracy, and cultural achievements.
Location: Situated atop the Acropolis in Athens, the Parthenon occupied a prominent position in the city. It was visible from various points, making it accessible to a large population and emphasizing its significance.
Success: The Parthenon effectively communicated the ideals of Athenian society and its reverence for the goddess Athena. The architectural and sculptural elements conveyed a sense of grandeur and cultural sophistication, reinforcing the Athenians’ pride in their city-state and its values.
Cave Paintings in Lascaux:
Visual Components: The cave paintings in Lascaux, France, depict various animals, such as horses, bulls, and deer, in a realistic and detailed manner. The use of earth pigments and naturalistic representations reflects the skill and observation of the prehistoric artists.
Material: The paintings were created using pigments derived from minerals and charcoal, which were readily available in the surrounding environment.
Intended Audience and Message: The cave paintings were likely created for ritualistic or spiritual purposes, possibly to enhance hunting success or as part of shamanistic practices. They may have also served as a form of storytelling, sharing important knowledge and cultural traditions.
Location: The cave paintings were situated deep within the caves, away from the living areas of the prehistoric communities. Although not publicly visible, they were likely accessed by a select group of individuals.
Success: The cave paintings were successful in communicating with the larger population through the shared cultural and spiritual significance they held. They represented a collective understanding and shared experience, reinforcing social cohesion and transmitting vital knowledge across generations.
In conclusion, art and architecture in illiterate societies effectively communicated with the larger population through their visual components, material choices, intended audience, messages, and strategic locations. Whether through the monumental pyramids of Egypt, the grandeur of the Parthenon in Athens, or the evocative cave paintings in Lascaux, these works spoke to the masses, leaving a lasting impact and conveying cultural, political, and spiritual messages that were accessible to all.