One of the assumptions of classical behavioral therapy is that humans can be “trained”, just like animals. If that is the case, what do counselors need to be cautious of when using behavioral therapy so they don’t simply “manipulate” clients?
The assumption in classical behavioral therapy that humans can be “trained” like animals, while highlighting the influence of learning and environmental factors on behavior, carries significant ethical considerations for counselors. The power inherent in applying behavioral techniques necessitates a strong focus on client autonomy and well-being to avoid manipulation. Here’s what counselors need to be cautious of:
1. Informed Consent Beyond Surface Agreement:
- The Danger: Simply obtaining a client’s verbal or written agreement to participate in behavioral therapy isn’t enough. If the client doesn’t fully understand the techniques being used, their purpose, potential risks and benefits, and their right to refuse or withdraw at any time, the “training” can easily become manipulative.
- Counselor Caution: Counselors must engage in an ongoing process of informed consent. This involves clear, accessible explanations of:
- The specific behavioral techniques being used (e.g., exposure therapy, reinforcement schedules, token economies).
- The rationale behind these techniques and how they are expected to help the client reach their goals.
The assumption in classical behavioral therapy that humans can be “trained” like animals, while highlighting the influence of learning and environmental factors on behavior, carries significant ethical considerations for counselors. The power inherent in applying behavioral techniques necessitates a strong focus on client autonomy and well-being to avoid manipulation. Here’s what counselors need to be cautious of:
1. Informed Consent Beyond Surface Agreement:
- The Danger: Simply obtaining a client’s verbal or written agreement to participate in behavioral therapy isn’t enough. If the client doesn’t fully understand the techniques being used, their purpose, potential risks and benefits, and their right to refuse or withdraw at any time, the “training” can easily become manipulative.
- Counselor Caution: Counselors must engage in an ongoing process of informed consent. This involves clear, accessible explanations of:
- The specific behavioral techniques being used (e.g., exposure therapy, reinforcement schedules, token economies).
- The rationale behind these techniques and how they are expected to help the client reach their goals.