Behavior analysis
This branch of behavior analysis concentrates on the philosophy of the science of behavior.
a. Applied behavior analysis.
b. Experimental analysis of behavior.
c. Determinism.
d. Behaviorism.
4 points
Question 2
This is the assumption upon which science is predicted.
a. Empiricism
b. Prediction.
c. Determinism
d. Experimentation.
4 points
Question 3
Consequences can only affect _________ behavior.
a. New.
b. Extinguished.
c. Immediate.
d. Future.
4 points
Question 4
Operant conditioning is best described as a stimulus-response relationship, where the stimulus elicits the response.
a. True.
b. False.
4 points
Question 5
A reflex is a _____________ ____________ relation consisting of an antecedent stimulus and the respondent behavior it elicits (for example, knee-jerk to a tap just below patella).
a. Behavior consequence.
b. Stimulus-response.
c. Respondent-respondent.
d. Functional class.
4 points
Question 6
The idea that simple, logical explanations must be ruled out, experimentally or conceptually, before more complex or abstract explanations are considered.
a. Experimentation.
b. Parsimony.
c. Prediction.
d. Philosophic doubt.
4 points
Question 7
Operant conditioning, which encompasses ___________________ and ______________, refers to the process and selective effects of consequences on behavior.
a. Response, behavior.
b. Antecedent, stimulus.
c. Control, coercion.
d. Reinforcement, punishment
4 points
Question 8
Principles of behavior describe how behavior works, and behavior-change tactics are how the applied behavior analysts put the principles to work to help people learn and use socially significant behaviors.
a. True.
b. False.
4 points
Question 9
The three-term contingency is the basic unit of analysis in the analysis of operant behavior and is made of the following elements:
a. Antecedent, behavior, consequence.
b. Reflex, time, duration.
c. Learning history, outcomes, stimuli.
d. Reinforcement, punishment, extinction.
4 points
Question 10
The highest level of scientific understanding is prediction, or the ability to correlate between events.
a. True.
b. False.
4 points
Question 11
B.F. Skinner is considered the founder of the experimental analysis of behavior.
a. True.
b. False.
4 points
Question 12
This formally began the experimental branch of behavior analysis.
a. Watsonian psychology or S-R psychology.
b. Pavlov's study of reflexive behavior.
c. Skinner's publication The Behavior of Organisms.
d. Fuller's study on the application of operant behavior to humans.
4 points
Question 13
This branch of behavior analysis concentrates on development of a technology to improve behavior.
a. Applied behavior analysis.
b. Experimental analysis of behavior.
c. Determinism.
d. Behaviorism.
4 points
Question 14
Philosophic doubt involves the continuous questioning of the truthfulness and validity of all scientific theory and knowledge.
a. True.
b. False.
4 points
Question 15
Molly is asked to get her book and start reading. Molly gets her book and starts reading. Molly's teacher ignores Molly. Molly continues to read her book. In the future, under similar conditions Molly continues to get her book and read.
Antecedent: "Molly, get your book and start reading."
Behavior: Gets book, reads.
Consequence: Access to an interesting story.
Which operation best describes this scenario?
a. Positive reinforcement.
b. Negative reinforcement.
c. Positive punishment.
d. Negative punishment.
4 points
Question 16
A ______________ _________ is a group of stimuli that share specified common elements along formal, temporal, and/or functional dimensions.
a. Stimulus class
b. Response class.
c. Antecedent class.
d. Stimulus change.
4 points
Question 17
The overarching purpose of applied behavior analysis as field of study is to concentrate on socially important or significant behaviors.
a. True.
b. False.
4 points
Question 18
Extinction is defined as removing a preferred item contingent upon inappropriate behavior.
a. True.
b. False.
4 points
Question 19
This approach to understanding behavior assumes that inner causes or phenomena directly cause or at least mediate some forms of behavior, and it strongly relies on hypothetical constructs or explanatory fiction.
a. S-R psychology.
b. Radical behaviorism.
c. Methodological behaviorism.
d. Mentalism.
4 points
Question 20
Consequences select response classes, not individual responses.
a. True.
b. False.
4 points
Question 21
Psychology in the early 1900's was dominated by the study of behavior through a measurable and observable means.
a. True.
b. False.
4 points
Question 22
Empiricism is the assumption upon which science is predicted, that the universe is a lawful and orderly place, and events occur as the result of other events.
a. True.
b. False.
4 points
Question 23
There are three levels of understanding that persist in science, and each level contributes to the overall knowledge base in a given field.
a. True.
b. False.
4 points
Question 24
Which of the following is considered a principle of behavior?
a. Reflex.
b. Reinforcement.
c. Antecedent.
d. Analysis.
4 points
Question 25
This involves the repetition of experiments to determine the reliability of findings.
a. Experimentation.
b. Replication.
c. Reproduction.
d. Control.
4 points
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Question 1
A feature of an event that can be measured is called a(n):
a. Unit.
b. Dimension.
c. Quality.
d. Characteristic.
4 points
Question 2
A feature of data that appears to exist because of the way the data is measured or examined is called an artifact.
a. True.
b. False.
4 points
Question 3
A procedure that allows for the simultaneously recording of multiple behaviors across multiple dimensions is called ______________.
a. Whole interval.
b. Event.
c. Momentary time sampling.
d. Computer-assisted.
4 points
Question 4
A procedure that can be used to measure a continuous behavior, such as academic engagement, is _____________________.
a. Event.
b. Whole interval.
c. Permanent product.
d. Response latency.
4 points
Question 5
A topographical definition classifies behaviors in terms of their common effects on the environment.
a. True.
b. False.
4 points
Question 6
A(n) ________ behavior is a behavior that produces indirect benefits to clients by potentially increasing opportunities for participation in other environments.
a. Access.
b. Cusp.
c. Key.
d. Invitation.
4 points
Question 7
All of the following are measurable dimensional quantities except:
a. Repeatability.
b. Temporal extent.
c. Temporal locus.
d. Topography.
4 points
Question 8
An anecdotal observation is a form of direct, continuous observation of all behaviors of interest and the environmental conditions.
a. True.
b. False.
4 points
Question 9
An ecological assessment is an essential component in applied behavioral analysis.
a. True.
b. False.
4 points
Question 10
Explicit behavior definitions are important to the practitioner of applied behavior analysis for all of the following except:
a. Ease of evaluation.
b. Increased likelihood of behavior change.
c. Accurate measurement of behavior.
d. Demonstration of effectiveness.
4 points
Question 11
If you are interested in amount of time it takes a student to begin a task after the teacher has given an instruction you would measure _________________.
a. Response latency.
b. Interresponse time.
c. Trials-to-criterion.
d. Duration.
4 points
Question 12
Improving academic grades is not a good target behavior because academic grades:
a. Are not a socially valid outcome.
b. Do not specify the behaviors required to achieve the goal.
c. Are too complex an outcome for behavior analysis.
d. Have poorly defined performance criteria.
4 points
Question 13
Learning a pivotal behavior can result in modification of other behaviors that have not yet been learned.
a. True.
b. False.
4 points
Question 14
Measurement is the process of applying qualitative labels to events.
a. True.
b. False.
4 points
Question 15
One benefit of measurement is that it helps practitioners verify the legitimacy of different treatments.
a. True.
b. False.
4 points
Question 16
Permanent product measurement may be more accurate, complete, and continuous for all of the following reasons except:
a. The observer can take their time.
b. The behavior definitions are more precise.
c. The observer can review the product more than once.
d. Measurement can be conducted when there are no distractions.
4 points
Question 17
The amount of time that elapses between two consecutive instances of a response class is called response latency.
a. True.
b. False.
4 points
Question 18
The belief that individuals with disabilities should be physically and socially integrated into society to the maximum extent possible is called habilitation.
a. True.
b. False.
4 points
Question 19
The force or intensity of a behavioral response is called:
a. Topography.
b. Magnitude.
c. Strength.
d. Power.
4 points
Question 20
The number of response opportunities needed to achieve a predetermined level of performance is called trials-to-criterion.
a. True.
b. False.
4 points
Question 21
The preferred method of behavioral assessment to determine which behaviors to target for change is ____________ _____________.
a. Ecological assessment.
b. Interviews.
c. Checklists.
d. ABC recording.
4 points
Question 22
The procedure of observing and recording behavior during intervals or at specific moments in time is called ___________.
a. Time sampling.
b. Temporal extent.
c. Celeration.
d. Measurement artifact.
4 points
Question 23
When interviewing a significant other about a client's behavior, the behavior analyst should ask variations of all of the following types of questions except:
a. What?
b. How?
c. Why?
d. When?
4 points
Question 24
When prioritizing behaviors for change, a chronic behavior _____________ when compared to a more recently acquired behavior.
a. Is easier to change.
b. Takes precedence.
c. Is less important.
d. Requires less intervention.
4 points
Question 25
_________________ measurement facilitates data collection for interobserver agreement and treatment integrity.
a. Measurement artifact.
b. Permanent product.
c. Direct observation.
d. Time sampling.