In February 2020, Mr Alex Bridge, domiciled in England, concluded with the tour operator Baltic
Welcome, established in Estonia, a contract combining a cruise between Dover and Tallinn, a
three-day stay in Tallinn and a flight from Tallinn to London. The contract was concluded
electronically and in English via the website of the tour operator.
In April 2020, Baltic Welcome informed Alex Bridge that the contract was cancelled due to the
COVID-19 outbreak. On 15th November 2020, Mr Bridge issued proceedings in England
against Baltic Welcome. He asks for a full refund of the price paid by him to Baltic Welcome,
and seeks compensation for the loss of amenity he suffered.
Baltic Welcome challenges the jurisdiction of the English court, submitting that the services
included in the contract were to be provided in Estonia which is also the place of the defendant’s
domicile. They also argues that Estonia is a more appropriate place for the trial to take place
because Estonian law must apply to the merits of the dispute.
Advise Mr Bridge (a) on the issue of jurisdiction as well as (b) on the issue of applicable law.
(Sub-questions (a) and (b) are worth equal marks)
- ESSAY QUESTION
‘This Convention seeks to promote access to justice globally through enhanced judicial
cooperation, which will reduce risks and costs associated with cross-border legal relations and
dispute resolution. As a result, implementation of the Convention should facilitate rule-based
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multilateral trade and investment, and mobility.
Sample Solution
Psychokinesis is another large component of ESP. Psychokinesis is the ability for a person to use their mind to affect material objects. Holger Bösch, Fiona Steinkamp, and Emil Boller examined many attempts to test psychokinesis (PK), by seeing if participants could influence the fall of dice, and the output of random number generators (Bösch). They cited that there had been three previous attempts to analyze PK that ended with inconclusive results. When trying to test psychokinesis for themselves they quickly realized why the previous test had trouble getting clear results. Throwing dice was not sufficiently random as the participants could manipulate their throw in order to make their results look better resulting in a dice throwing machine being developed. They also realized that there could be errors in how the dice rolls were recorded, opting to take images of each throw to ensure accurate data. There were also issues with normal commercial dice being unevenly weighted due to the number of pits for higher numbers being lighter making higher numbered sides more likely to be rolled. This led to many dice experiments being written off and looked down upon by the scientific community as the data could easily be altered to get favorable results. When the same kind of dice experiments were done with more controlled variables the results no longer showed any significant signs of PK. Diane Ferrari who worked in the Department of Psychology at Princeton analyzed 148 different dice experiments. Across the experiments there were a total of 2,592,817 rolls. In each of these rolls the participant would attempt to mentally>
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