1.Case study: Cystitis
Ms. Vance, age 28 years, has noticed urgency, frequency, and dysuria recently, as well as an unusual odor in the urine. Urinalysis indicated a heavy concentration of Escherichia coli in the urine, some pus, and WBCs. Ms. T was prescribed antibiotics, which she took for the first few days. This seemed to give her relief, but she then stopped taking the medication. Within a few days, the symptoms returned, but she decided to “just live with it.”
Question 1
Explain why women are predisposed to cystitis.
Question 2
What preventive measures are important in reducing recurrence?
Question 3
Discuss other signs and symptoms that may indicate cystitis
Question 4
What potential problems may she experience if she does not adhere to the treatment prescribed?
- Case study 2: Prostate Cancer
Mr. Rader, age 52 years, is undergoing a routine physical examination for his employer. During palpation of the prostate, the physician noted a hard nodule on the gland’s periphery. Lab tests revealed an elevated PSA level. The remainder of the examination did not reveal any other abnormalities.
Question 1
Using the information given, discuss the presentation of cancer of the prostate.
Question 2
Discuss the predisposing factors for prostate cancer and identify the high-risk groups.
Question 3
Discuss the variation in the growth and course of this type of cancer.
Question 4
Discuss how the decision to treat or not to treat is made early in the course of prostate cancer.
Question 5
If metastasis occurs, what additional manifestations will occur, and how will they be treated?
- Case study 3: Osteoarthritis
Mr. Filstrup is a 38-year-old man in overall good health who has been complaining about an aching pain in his knees when working around the house and often when simply walking. He has noticed that his knees feel “hard” and tight. His history indicates that he has always been involved in athletics and was on the college football team, but recently family responsibilities and work have not made it easy for him to exercise.
Sample Solution
vantage of people who are either grieving, or in fear. This will put people in an unstable mental state and look anywhere for any sort of answer to ease their minds. In addition to Mediumship there is Aura Reading. Psychics claim that they have the ability to see an aura which is present and surrounding all people. This aura can supposedly be different sizes, colors, and also emit vibrations. They are said to be a sign of a person’s health and mental state, so people will opt to get their auras read to ensure they are in good health. Auras are a part of diagnosing health problems in alternative medicine. The last aspect Psychics cover is Astrology. This is a belief that the movements and positions of celestial bodies can tell us information about ourselves and our world. To this day astrology is still a large part of popular culture with its most popular aspect being astrological signs that are decided by when a person’s birthday is. Astrological signs claim to be able to classify a person and their various personality traits. There are also many websites and services which come out with weekly and even daily astrological readings for the various signs that claim to predict what kind of experiences each respective sign will experience. These readings are always extremely vague making it very easy for the “predictions” to come true. Astrological signs also take advantage of availability bias as mentioned previously. Astrology is still widely accepted because of its large cultural presence in addition to its long-running history dating back to the 2nd millennium BCE. Psychics being a large part of popular culture in the United States which is one of the reasons that so many people believe that psychics have these enhance sensory capabilities. The reason psychics claim to have these abilities is because they stand to make a lot of money by charging for psychic readings. Psychics will also develop clients who opt to see them to have psychic readings done on a regular basis. Psychics prey on people who know little about the topic of ESP and take advantage of the fallibility of human memory. Many people go into psychics’ sessions already having some kind of belief in ESP; some believing that there is a possibility of psychic ability, others believing that they have already experienced it. Many people do not go to see a psychic if they do not already have some current belief of their abilities. One would assume if many people go to see psychics that there must be something to it or else no one would go back, and psychics would be a thing of the past. Through taking advantage of the fallibility of human memory, availabi>
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