Discovery of the original Toll gene in Drosophila melanogaster.

by | Mar 14, 2023 | Human Resource Management

 

write about this topic. Be sure to include all references and use your own words (Reports should be between 300-400 words.

 

 

Research the discovery of the original Toll gene in Drosophila melanogaster.
Tell us about the researchers, and their original findings.
What is Toll’s actual function in the fruit fly?
Why was this discovery so significant?
What are your thoughts regarding this discovery?
At the end of your report, include an open-ended and provocative question.

Sample solution

Dante Alighieri played a critical role in the literature world through his poem Divine Comedy that was written in the 14th century. The poem contains Inferno, Purgatorio, and Paradiso. The Inferno is a description of the nine circles of torment that are found on the earth. It depicts the realms of the people that have gone against the spiritual values and who, instead, have chosen bestial appetite, violence, or fraud and malice. The nine circles of hell are limbo, lust, gluttony, greed and wrath. Others are heresy, violence, fraud, and treachery. The purpose of this paper is to examine the Dante’s Inferno in the perspective of its portrayal of God’s image and the justification of hell. 

In this epic poem, God is portrayed as a super being guilty of multiple weaknesses including being egotistic, unjust, and hypocritical. Dante, in this poem, depicts God as being more human than divine by challenging God’s omnipotence. Additionally, the manner in which Dante describes Hell is in full contradiction to the morals of God as written in the Bible. When god arranges Hell to flatter Himself, He commits egotism, a sin that is common among human beings (Cheney, 2016). The weakness is depicted in Limbo and on the Gate of Hell where, for instance, God sends those who do not worship Him to Hell. This implies that failure to worship Him is a sin.


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God is also depicted as lacking justice in His actions thus removing the godly image. The injustice is portrayed by the manner in which the sodomites and opportunists are treated. The opportunists are subjected to banner chasing in their lives after death followed by being stung by insects and maggots. They are known to having done neither good nor bad during their lifetimes and, therefore, justice could have demanded that they be granted a neutral punishment having lived a neutral life. The sodomites are also punished unfairly by God when Brunetto Lattini is condemned to hell despite being a good leader (Babor, T. F., McGovern, T., & Robaina, K. (2017). While he commited sodomy, God chooses to ignore all the other good deeds that Brunetto did.

Finally, God is also portrayed as being hypocritical in His actions, a sin that further diminishes His godliness and makes Him more human. A case in point is when God condemns the sin of egotism and goes ahead to commit it repeatedly. Proverbs 29:23 states that “arrogance will bring your downfall, but if you are humble, you will be respected.” When Slattery condemns Dante’s human state as being weak, doubtful, and limited, he is proving God’s hypocrisy because He is also human (Verdicchio, 2015). The actions of God in Hell as portrayed by Dante are inconsistent with the Biblical literature. Both Dante and God are prone to making mistakes, something common among human beings thus making God more human.

To wrap it up, Dante portrays God is more human since He commits the same sins that humans commit: egotism, hypocrisy, and injustice. Hell is justified as being a destination for victims of the mistakes committed by God. The Hell is presented as being a totally different place as compared to what is written about it in the Bible. As a result, reading through the text gives an image of God who is prone to the very mistakes common to humans thus ripping Him off His lofty status of divine and, instead, making Him a mere human. Whether or not Dante did it intentionally is subject to debate but one thing is clear in the poem: the misconstrued notion of God is revealed to future generations.

 

References

Babor, T. F., McGovern, T., & Robaina, K. (2017). Dante’s inferno: Seven deadly sins in scientific publishing and how to avoid them. Addiction Science: A Guide for the Perplexed, 267.

Cheney, L. D. G. (2016). Illustrations for Dante’s Inferno: A Comparative Study of Sandro Botticelli, Giovanni Stradano, and Federico Zuccaro. Cultural and Religious Studies, 4(8), 487.

Verdicchio, M. (2015). Irony and Desire in Dante’s” Inferno” 27. Italica, 285-297.

Sample Solution

The original Toll gene was discovered in Drosophila melanogaster, commonly known as the fruit fly. This important discovery was made by two researchers, Christiane Nuesslein-Volhard and Eric Wieschaus in 1981. The two were awarded the 1995 Nobel Prize for Medicine or Physiology due to their finding of the Toll gene and its importance to genetics studies.

Sample Solution

The original Toll gene was discovered in Drosophila melanogaster, commonly known as the fruit fly. This important discovery was made by two researchers, Christiane Nuesslein-Volhard and Eric Wieschaus in 1981. The two were awarded the 1995 Nobel Prize for Medicine or Physiology due to their finding of the Toll gene and its importance to genetics studies.

Toll is located on chromosome 3 within a cluster of genes related to development called larval cuticle proteins, which has been included in what is called the Toll pathway. It’s purpose is to activate a series of reactions that help control cellular communication in larvae during metamorphosis. During this process it produces both extracellular and intracellular molecules that influence cell fate determination which alters the overall shape of a developing organism (Griffiths et al., 2002).

The significance of this discovery lies largely with its potential applications towards medical research. For instance, Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are involved in our body’s innate immune response when exposed to microbial agents such as bacteria or viruses (Gaboriau-Routhiau et al., 2009). Therefore, further exploration into TLRs could provide insight into how we can develop better treatments for infectious diseases. Additionally, research into tissue regeneration using Toll may give us new understanding into how we can heal injuries more efficiently through stimulating certain pathways at a cellular level (Vlachogiannis et al., 2019).

I find this discovery incredibly impressive not just because it gave us some valuable insight but also due to how much progress has been made since then. Thanks to ever advancing technology combined with meticulous work from dedicated scientists around the world, discoveries such as these have become even more applicable towards solving real world problems like illnesses or injury recovery time periods. It goes without saying that there are still many questions left unanswered but I have faith that someday soon those will be answered too!

In what other ways might changes within the TLR pathway impact human physiology?

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