Engineering Systems

by | May 29, 2021 | Engineering

Scenario,
The engineering team from a local articulated truck manufacturer has recently made the decision to upgrade and automate an existing paint booth that is used to a paint the rear axle bearing components, with the aim of significantly improving the process.
The senior management team from your organisation have been succesfull in winning the contract to design and install a PLC control system for the paint booth and you have been tasked with that part of the project, the process will require the use of temperature sensors and heating elements to ensure that the parts are cured at the right temperature.
The management team are also still in the process of producing a proposal for futher upgrades to the customers existing process. The management team have asked that you produce a proposal that will provide an evaulation of the potential for upgrades to a customers machine and the benefits to the organisation.

 
Task 1 – System Control, (LO4)
The system shown below in figures 1 and 2 is to be controlled by the PLC. The PLC will perform the following functions, if and only if the ready signal is received from the microcontroller. You are required to design and write a program for the paint booth process.

Rules of Operation

Step 1 – Upon activation of the system ready push Button, the system will be ready to use – only if the conveyor, extraction and ovens are switched off. This will be also be indicated by a the red “System ready” light. The system must have an emergency stop to shut down the full system.
Note: Emergency stop should stop the full system from working until reset.

Step 2 – When the “system ready” light is on, the extraction fans are activated using a push button located on the control panel. The extraction fans must be running constantly and must remain running for a minimum of 5 minutes after the paint booth is switched off in order to remove paint fumes.

Step 3 – After the extraction fans have been running for 5 minutes, the oven heating elements will be automatically switched on.

Step 4 – The conveyor will only start when all of the above conditions have been met, a part is detected by proxy sensor 1 and the heating elements have been on for 5 minutes. The conveyor will only stop after a 5-minute delay allowing parts to be cleared from the conveyor belt.

Step 5 – The Stop button on the control panel will turn off the full system after a 5-second cycle down delay. In order to reduce inventory, the paint booth should automatically cycle down once a pre-determined number off parts have been completed.

Step 6 – All outputs must have a corresponding indicator light on the control panel that is used to inform the operator what is running.

Step 7 – All parts must be counted in and out of the paint booth.

PLC Design Notes (20 Marks)

Your company has been asked to submit a comprehensive a set of design notes for the PLC program based on the required functionality described above. This is part of the tender process and will help the engineering team at the articulated truck company make the decision on which OEM to award the contract to. This should include:
• Any presumptions you have had to make
• Flowchart or Sequential Function Chart
• I/O list
• Variable list
• System Block diagrams and Electrical connection diagrams

PLC Program (10 Marks)

Your company has been awarded the contract to build the system. You will create your PLC program which should correlate to your design notes.
You must work individually, export your CCW program as a Word document and add it to the report. You can make reference to the to the following documentation which is available through the CCW software and on Rockwell Automation website (details in the lab guides):
• CCW programming manual
• Micro820 hardware manual
• CCW quick start guide
The report will be submitted through Turnitin and will be scrutinised for any signs of plagiarism or collusion.

Task 2 – Operators Manual and Further Documentation (20 marks)

As part of the tender process you must provide a Powerpoint presentation (no more than 3 slides) suitable for training the articulated truck company employees. They have no experience working with PLC controlled automated systems. The training manual should cover the architecture of the a should provide an overview of the AB Micro820 PLC and it’s internal architecure. You can make use of the comments box to add information that you would normally give verbally.
You should also prepare an A4 poster which critically compares the AB Micro 820 to an alternative PLC of the same size range. Any alternative PLC can be chosen and you should evaluate the differences in performance, architecture, features etc. The poster should be included as an Appendix to the report.

Note: The customer representative is from a technical background, so you must ensure the communication is appropriate for the audience.

Marking Scheme

Task 1 – PLC Design Notes (20 Marks)

Design notes which should include as a minimum:
• a flowchart or Sequential Function Chart,
• I/O list,
• variable list,
• Electrical Connection Diagrams /20
Task 1 – PLC Program (10 Marks)

Structure of PLC program:
• Appropriate use of instruction blocks
• Clear logical structure
• Use of sensible/appropriate variable and alias names
• Clear and appropriate use of comments /10
Task 2 – Operators Manual and Further Documentation (20 Marks)

Operators manual explaining the architecture of a PLC (PowerPoint)
/10

Critical evaluation of the Micro 820 against a suitable alternative PLC (poster at the end of the report)
/10

Figure 1 – Input Devices
Figure 2 – Output Devices

Table 1 – Paint Booth I/O

Signal name PLC Input/output Description
System Ready Normally open push button
Extraction on Normally open push button
Stop Normally Closed push button
Emergency Stop Normally closed latched button
Parts in Position 1 Proximity Sensor
Parts in Position 2 Proximity Sensor
Red Indicator Light System Ready Light
Conveyor 1 24v contactor
Extraction Fans 24v contactor
Extraction On Blue 24v Indicator Light
Conveyor On Green 24v Indicator Light
Oven On Green 24v Indicator Light
8Oven Heating Elements 24v Contactor

Sample Solution

Sample solution

Dante Alighieri played a critical role in the literature world through his poem Divine Comedy that was written in the 14th century. The poem contains Inferno, Purgatorio, and Paradiso. The Inferno is a description of the nine circles of torment that are found on the earth. It depicts the realms of the people that have gone against the spiritual values and who, instead, have chosen bestial appetite, violence, or fraud and malice. The nine circles of hell are limbo, lust, gluttony, greed and wrath. Others are heresy, violence, fraud, and treachery. The purpose of this paper is to examine the Dante’s Inferno in the perspective of its portrayal of God’s image and the justification of hell. 

In this epic poem, God is portrayed as a super being guilty of multiple weaknesses including being egotistic, unjust, and hypocritical. Dante, in this poem, depicts God as being more human than divine by challenging God’s omnipotence. Additionally, the manner in which Dante describes Hell is in full contradiction to the morals of God as written in the Bible. When god arranges Hell to flatter Himself, He commits egotism, a sin that is common among human beings (Cheney, 2016). The weakness is depicted in Limbo and on the Gate of Hell where, for instance, God sends those who do not worship Him to Hell. This implies that failure to worship Him is a sin.


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God is also depicted as lacking justice in His actions thus removing the godly image. The injustice is portrayed by the manner in which the sodomites and opportunists are treated. The opportunists are subjected to banner chasing in their lives after death followed by being stung by insects and maggots. They are known to having done neither good nor bad during their lifetimes and, therefore, justice could have demanded that they be granted a neutral punishment having lived a neutral life. The sodomites are also punished unfairly by God when Brunetto Lattini is condemned to hell despite being a good leader (Babor, T. F., McGovern, T., & Robaina, K. (2017). While he commited sodomy, God chooses to ignore all the other good deeds that Brunetto did.

Finally, God is also portrayed as being hypocritical in His actions, a sin that further diminishes His godliness and makes Him more human. A case in point is when God condemns the sin of egotism and goes ahead to commit it repeatedly. Proverbs 29:23 states that “arrogance will bring your downfall, but if you are humble, you will be respected.” When Slattery condemns Dante’s human state as being weak, doubtful, and limited, he is proving God’s hypocrisy because He is also human (Verdicchio, 2015). The actions of God in Hell as portrayed by Dante are inconsistent with the Biblical literature. Both Dante and God are prone to making mistakes, something common among human beings thus making God more human.

To wrap it up, Dante portrays God is more human since He commits the same sins that humans commit: egotism, hypocrisy, and injustice. Hell is justified as being a destination for victims of the mistakes committed by God. The Hell is presented as being a totally different place as compared to what is written about it in the Bible. As a result, reading through the text gives an image of God who is prone to the very mistakes common to humans thus ripping Him off His lofty status of divine and, instead, making Him a mere human. Whether or not Dante did it intentionally is subject to debate but one thing is clear in the poem: the misconstrued notion of God is revealed to future generations.

 

References

Babor, T. F., McGovern, T., & Robaina, K. (2017). Dante’s inferno: Seven deadly sins in scientific publishing and how to avoid them. Addiction Science: A Guide for the Perplexed, 267.

Cheney, L. D. G. (2016). Illustrations for Dante’s Inferno: A Comparative Study of Sandro Botticelli, Giovanni Stradano, and Federico Zuccaro. Cultural and Religious Studies, 4(8), 487.

Verdicchio, M. (2015). Irony and Desire in Dante’s” Inferno” 27. Italica, 285-297.

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