Evaluating Articles Using the Four Validities

by | Jun 24, 2024 | Psychology

In 500-600 words for each article (1,000-1,200-words total), evaluate each of your articles using the four big validities.
For each article, work through the four big validities (construct validity, external validity, statistical validity, and internal validity) in turn, indicating whether the article does a good or bad job on each front. As you write, keep in mind that you are demonstrating your mastery of this material. Show that you know how to ask questions about each of the four validities. Demonstrate that you know what the answers to these questions mean. Use the attached “Article Interrogation Guide” to ensure you are investigating the appropriate material for each section.
This assignment uses a template. YOU MUST USE THE ATTACHED “Article Interrogation Template” TO RECEIVE FULL CREDIT FOR THIS ASSIGNMENT.
Prepare this assignment according to the guidelines found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center.
This assignment uses a rubric. Please review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the expectations for successful completion.
You are required to submit this assignment to LopesWrite. A link to the LopesWrite technical support articles is located in Class Resources if you need assistance.

 

Sample solution

Dante Alighieri played a critical role in the literature world through his poem Divine Comedy that was written in the 14th century. The poem contains Inferno, Purgatorio, and Paradiso. The Inferno is a description of the nine circles of torment that are found on the earth. It depicts the realms of the people that have gone against the spiritual values and who, instead, have chosen bestial appetite, violence, or fraud and malice. The nine circles of hell are limbo, lust, gluttony, greed and wrath. Others are heresy, violence, fraud, and treachery. The purpose of this paper is to examine the Dante’s Inferno in the perspective of its portrayal of God’s image and the justification of hell. 

In this epic poem, God is portrayed as a super being guilty of multiple weaknesses including being egotistic, unjust, and hypocritical. Dante, in this poem, depicts God as being more human than divine by challenging God’s omnipotence. Additionally, the manner in which Dante describes Hell is in full contradiction to the morals of God as written in the Bible. When god arranges Hell to flatter Himself, He commits egotism, a sin that is common among human beings (Cheney, 2016). The weakness is depicted in Limbo and on the Gate of Hell where, for instance, God sends those who do not worship Him to Hell. This implies that failure to worship Him is a sin.


This question has been answered

God is also depicted as lacking justice in His actions thus removing the godly image. The injustice is portrayed by the manner in which the sodomites and opportunists are treated. The opportunists are subjected to banner chasing in their lives after death followed by being stung by insects and maggots. They are known to having done neither good nor bad during their lifetimes and, therefore, justice could have demanded that they be granted a neutral punishment having lived a neutral life. The sodomites are also punished unfairly by God when Brunetto Lattini is condemned to hell despite being a good leader (Babor, T. F., McGovern, T., & Robaina, K. (2017). While he commited sodomy, God chooses to ignore all the other good deeds that Brunetto did.

Finally, God is also portrayed as being hypocritical in His actions, a sin that further diminishes His godliness and makes Him more human. A case in point is when God condemns the sin of egotism and goes ahead to commit it repeatedly. Proverbs 29:23 states that “arrogance will bring your downfall, but if you are humble, you will be respected.” When Slattery condemns Dante’s human state as being weak, doubtful, and limited, he is proving God’s hypocrisy because He is also human (Verdicchio, 2015). The actions of God in Hell as portrayed by Dante are inconsistent with the Biblical literature. Both Dante and God are prone to making mistakes, something common among human beings thus making God more human.

To wrap it up, Dante portrays God is more human since He commits the same sins that humans commit: egotism, hypocrisy, and injustice. Hell is justified as being a destination for victims of the mistakes committed by God. The Hell is presented as being a totally different place as compared to what is written about it in the Bible. As a result, reading through the text gives an image of God who is prone to the very mistakes common to humans thus ripping Him off His lofty status of divine and, instead, making Him a mere human. Whether or not Dante did it intentionally is subject to debate but one thing is clear in the poem: the misconstrued notion of God is revealed to future generations.

 

References

Babor, T. F., McGovern, T., & Robaina, K. (2017). Dante’s inferno: Seven deadly sins in scientific publishing and how to avoid them. Addiction Science: A Guide for the Perplexed, 267.

Cheney, L. D. G. (2016). Illustrations for Dante’s Inferno: A Comparative Study of Sandro Botticelli, Giovanni Stradano, and Federico Zuccaro. Cultural and Religious Studies, 4(8), 487.

Verdicchio, M. (2015). Irony and Desire in Dante’s” Inferno” 27. Italica, 285-297.

Sample Answer

Sample Answer

 

Evaluating Articles Using the Four Validities

Article 1:

Construct Validity:
The article demonstrates good construct validity as it clearly defines the variables being studied and uses appropriate measures to assess them. The research methods align with the study’s objectives, ensuring that the constructs are accurately represented.

External Validity:
The external validity of the article can be considered good as the findings are likely to be generalizable to the larger population. The sample size and selection process are well-documented, allowing for replication in other settings.

Statistical Validity:
The statistical validity of the article is strong, with appropriate statistical tests used to analyze the data. The results are presented clearly, with significance levels reported, making it easy to interpret the findings.

Internal Validity:
The internal validity of the article is also high, with controls in place to minimize confounding variables. The study design allows for causal inferences to be made, as the researchers have taken steps to ensure that the observed effects are due to the independent variable.

Article 2:

Construct Validity:
In this article, the construct validity is weak as there is ambiguity in how the variables are defined and measured. The lack of clarity in operational definitions raises questions about the accuracy of the study’s conclusions.

External Validity:
The external validity of the article is questionable due to limited information provided about the sample and its representativeness. Without details on the population studied, it is challenging to assess the generalizability of the findings.

Statistical Validity:
The statistical validity of the article is compromised by inadequate data analysis techniques. The absence of key statistical measures and unclear reporting of results make it difficult to assess the robustness of the findings.

Internal Validity:
Internal validity is also a concern in this article, as there are potential confounding variables that have not been adequately controlled for. The study design lacks rigor in ensuring that the observed effects are indeed due to the independent variable under investigation.

In conclusion, while the first article demonstrates strong validity across all four dimensions, the second article falls short in several areas, raising doubts about the reliability and credibility of its findings. It is crucial for researchers to address these validity concerns to ensure that their studies produce meaningful and trustworthy results.

This question has been answered.

Get Answer