Financial Management of Public Programs

by | Dec 9, 2022 | Architecture

 

 

Financial Condition Analysis Project – Due Thursday, December 15
th before 11:59pm
The superintendent for the school district is now preparing the management discussion and
analysis (MD&A) to go with the basic financial statements (BFS) before publishing its
Comprehensive Annual Financial Report (CAFR). She has asked you to put together some
information that will aid in that preparation. Please upload your completed assignment on
Sakai with your writeup of the results. Your writeup should follow a similar format as the
example from class.
First, start by reviewing the school district’s BFS, including its Statement of Net Position and
Statement of Activities (attached on Sakai).
Second, answer the following questions. Remember to interpret each ratio.
1. Cash solvency refers to the ability of the government to generate enough cash in the shortterm to meet its current liabilities.
A. Calculate and interpret the current ratio and days of cash on hand for both FY 2019
and FY 2021.
B. Explain what each ratio suggests about the condition of the district’s cash solvency.
How has each ratio changed from FY 2019 to FY 2021?
2. Long-run solvency refers to the ability of a government to generate revenues sufficient to
meet all regular operating costs as well as unusual costs that occur in specific years. These
unusual costs might include payments for capital asset replacement and acquisition and
pension obligations. Consider how the following questions help assess the long-run solvency of
the city?
A. Calculate and interpret the debt burden and debt service burden for both FY 2019
and FY 2021.
B. Explain what each ratio suggests about the condition of the district’s long-term
solvency. How has each ratio changed from FY 2019 to FY 2021?
3. Few governments have money to waste. Therefore, these organizations want to operate
efficient. For example, a local government should try to be timely in collecting its accounts
receivable. Determine the level of efficiency of the government by calculating the following two
ratios.
2
A. Calculate and interpret the receivables turnover and average collection period for
both FY 2019 and FY 2021.
B. Explain what each ratio suggests about the condition of the district’s efficiency. How
has each ratio changed from FY 2019 to FY 2021?
4. Another important factor is financial risk. We should assess the extent to which the
government relies on steady, dependable resources. This provides us with a measure of the
government’s capacity to increase resources if some expected revenue source falls short (e.g.
investment income and intergovernmental revenue). Consider how the following questions
help assess the financial risk of the government?
A. Calculate and interpret the risk exposure factor and tax leverage factor for both FY
2019 and FY 2021.
B. Explain what each ratio suggests about the condition of the district’s financial risk.
How has each ratio changed from FY 2019 to FY 2021?
5. Using your answers from question 1 through 4, what are the major strengths and
vulnerabilities for the school district? Has the financial condition of the school district improved
over time (FY 2019 to FY 2021)? Why or why not?

Sample solution

Dante Alighieri played a critical role in the literature world through his poem Divine Comedy that was written in the 14th century. The poem contains Inferno, Purgatorio, and Paradiso. The Inferno is a description of the nine circles of torment that are found on the earth. It depicts the realms of the people that have gone against the spiritual values and who, instead, have chosen bestial appetite, violence, or fraud and malice. The nine circles of hell are limbo, lust, gluttony, greed and wrath. Others are heresy, violence, fraud, and treachery. The purpose of this paper is to examine the Dante’s Inferno in the perspective of its portrayal of God’s image and the justification of hell. 

In this epic poem, God is portrayed as a super being guilty of multiple weaknesses including being egotistic, unjust, and hypocritical. Dante, in this poem, depicts God as being more human than divine by challenging God’s omnipotence. Additionally, the manner in which Dante describes Hell is in full contradiction to the morals of God as written in the Bible. When god arranges Hell to flatter Himself, He commits egotism, a sin that is common among human beings (Cheney, 2016). The weakness is depicted in Limbo and on the Gate of Hell where, for instance, God sends those who do not worship Him to Hell. This implies that failure to worship Him is a sin.


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God is also depicted as lacking justice in His actions thus removing the godly image. The injustice is portrayed by the manner in which the sodomites and opportunists are treated. The opportunists are subjected to banner chasing in their lives after death followed by being stung by insects and maggots. They are known to having done neither good nor bad during their lifetimes and, therefore, justice could have demanded that they be granted a neutral punishment having lived a neutral life. The sodomites are also punished unfairly by God when Brunetto Lattini is condemned to hell despite being a good leader (Babor, T. F., McGovern, T., & Robaina, K. (2017). While he commited sodomy, God chooses to ignore all the other good deeds that Brunetto did.

Finally, God is also portrayed as being hypocritical in His actions, a sin that further diminishes His godliness and makes Him more human. A case in point is when God condemns the sin of egotism and goes ahead to commit it repeatedly. Proverbs 29:23 states that “arrogance will bring your downfall, but if you are humble, you will be respected.” When Slattery condemns Dante’s human state as being weak, doubtful, and limited, he is proving God’s hypocrisy because He is also human (Verdicchio, 2015). The actions of God in Hell as portrayed by Dante are inconsistent with the Biblical literature. Both Dante and God are prone to making mistakes, something common among human beings thus making God more human.

To wrap it up, Dante portrays God is more human since He commits the same sins that humans commit: egotism, hypocrisy, and injustice. Hell is justified as being a destination for victims of the mistakes committed by God. The Hell is presented as being a totally different place as compared to what is written about it in the Bible. As a result, reading through the text gives an image of God who is prone to the very mistakes common to humans thus ripping Him off His lofty status of divine and, instead, making Him a mere human. Whether or not Dante did it intentionally is subject to debate but one thing is clear in the poem: the misconstrued notion of God is revealed to future generations.

 

References

Babor, T. F., McGovern, T., & Robaina, K. (2017). Dante’s inferno: Seven deadly sins in scientific publishing and how to avoid them. Addiction Science: A Guide for the Perplexed, 267.

Cheney, L. D. G. (2016). Illustrations for Dante’s Inferno: A Comparative Study of Sandro Botticelli, Giovanni Stradano, and Federico Zuccaro. Cultural and Religious Studies, 4(8), 487.

Verdicchio, M. (2015). Irony and Desire in Dante’s” Inferno” 27. Italica, 285-297.

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