Four macromolecules found in cells

by | May 31, 2020 | Main

1.What are the four macromolecules found in cells and what are the monomers of each? What are the functions of each?

  1. Cell respiration is an exergonic catabolic reaction. What does this mean?
  2. All cells, whether prokaryotic or eukaryotic, have a plasma membrane. Describe the basic structure of the plasma membrane.
  3. Biologists recognize 7 characteristics of life: Organisms must exhibit all seven of these to be considered “living”. List three of the seven.
  4. What is the major structural difference between a eukaryotic cell and a prokaryotic cell?
  5. Describe the structure of the DNA molecule. What does DNA stand for?
  6. What is the relationship between DNA, genes and proteins?
  7. Define diffusion. How is it different from osmosis?
  8. Most of the genes in the human genome code for enzymes. Why? What are the functions of enzymes?
  9. A cell (internal concentration 5 M salt) is placed in a beaker of distilled water (0 M salt). What will happen to the cell and is the cell hypertonic/hypotonic/isotonic to the distilled water?
  10. All biological macromolecules are carbon based. Why? What is special about carbon that makes it the perfect “backbone” element for such a diverse group of molecules?
  11. In terms of molecular structure describe why ice floats and similarly why high temperatures cause ice to melt.
  12. What are the specific roles of mitosis and meiosis in the human life cycle?
  13. Why are photosynthesis and cell respiration important biochemical reactions?

15.What is the difference between cell respiration and fermentation and why would a cell choose one over the other?

  1. How is DNA different from RNA in terms of structure and function?
  2. What are Mendel’s laws and why is this man considered the “father of modern genetics”?
  3. What is the source of energy for most all of the living organisms on the planet? What is the process by which this energy is made accessible to all living organisms?

19.You should be able to do Punnet square based genetic problems-monohybrid and sex linked…etc etc..

  1. Why is a sexual life cycle preferred by the majority of species on the planet. What do the terms haploid, diploid, gamete, somatic mean?

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