ICBN

• Non-living Objects: Growth may simply refer to an increase in size, but it typically involves the addition of external material.

Need for classification:

• Organization: Classifying organisms helps to organize the vast diversity of life into a meaningful system.
• Identification: It provides a standardized system for identifying and naming organisms.
• Understanding Relationships: Classification helps to understand the evolutionary relationships between different organisms.
• Communication: It facilitates communication and information sharing among scientists worldwide.

Systematics:

• The study of the diversification of living organisms.
• It aims to understand evolutionary relationships between organisms and classify them accordingly.
• It involves techniques such as taxonomy, phylogeny, and bioinformatics.

Metabolism:

• The sum of all chemical reactions that occur within a living organism.
• It includes both anabolism (building up) and catabolism (breaking down) processes.

Photosynthesis:

• The process by which green plants and some other organisms convert light energy into chemical energy.
• During photosynthesis, plants use sunlight to convert water and carbon dioxide into glucose (sugar).

Types of chloroplasts found in algae:

• Algae exhibit a wide variety of chloroplast types, reflecting their diverse evolutionary origins. Some common types include:
  • Pyrenoid: A protein-rich structure within the chloroplast involved in starch storage.
  • Eyespot: A light-sensitive organelle that helps direct the movement of some algae towards light.
  • Thylakoids: Membrane-bound compartments within the chloroplast where photosynthesis occurs.

ICBN: International Code of Botanical Nomenclature (now known as the International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants - ICN)

Scientific name of a mango: Mangifera indica

Anabolism vs. Catabolism:

• Anabolism: The process of building up complex molecules from simpler ones. This involves the synthesis of new cellular components and requires an input of energy. Examples include protein synthesis and photosynthesis.
• Catabolism: The breakdown of complex molecules into simpler ones. This process releases energy that can be used by the cell. Examples include cellular respiration and digestion.

Basic unit of classification: Species

Growth in living organisms vs. non-living objects:

• Living Organisms: Growth involves an increase in size and complexity, often accompanied by an increase in cell number. It's an internal process driven by metabolic activity.