Two months ago, you saw Josie, a 34-year-old nurse, to whom you prescribed escitalopram 10 mg daily and alprazolam 0.5 mg, three times a day as needed for anxiety.
Today, Josie, her mom, and her boyfriend, Robs, present for a follow up visit. Josie reports, “My anxiety isn’t really any better. I haven’t been able to come in to work for the past three days. I ran out of my alprazolam and I cannot even think about going to work without it. Tell her, Robs, what it’s like.”
“Yesterday,” Robs says, “Josie couldn’t get through the day, so um, yeah, she took some of my mom’s alprazolam yesterda–.”
Josie’s mom interrupts to ask, “But why did you even give her that drug? With her history of alcohol addiction! She’s been alcoholic since she was in her early 20s. And did she tell you her dad also had problems with addiction?”
“Addiction?” Robs asks Josie’s mom. “Are you worried about addiction to this drug?”
He turns to you, agitated. “Did you know Josie’s sometimes taking up to seven pills a day? At least that I know of. Is that overusing or addiction?”
Josie starts crying. “But I can’t function without alprazolam. Robs, you know how hard nursing has been ever since orientation ended. I love my job but I just want to feel normal. And the alprazolam makes me feel that way. Please….” she pleads.
Based on the initial letter of your last name, from your perspective as Josie’s psychiatric nurse practitioner, address the following in your initial post. Question 5 should be answered by everyone.
G–L: How does alprazolam work? What makes the medication so addictive?
Everyone: Are there any special considerations for Josie because she is a registered nurse? What are the rules and regulations in your state for impaired nurses? Include the link to online information.
Sample Solution
Sutherland, Clinard, and Yeager finally make the important distinction between crimes of corporations and crimes of individuals within the corporations (Olejarz, 2016). It is important to distinguish between these points when considering theory, causes, and consequences. In fact, there has been a recent push in theory to focus on offense criteria instead of individual offenders of white collar crime (Maguire et al., 1994). Sykes and Matza’s techniques of neutralization come into play here. The five techniques – deny responsibility, deny injury through rationalization, deny the existence of a victim, condemn the condemners, and appeal to higher loyalties – are contributed to the structural problems with white collar crime (Friedrichs, 2010, p. 237; Ruggiero, 2015). Powerful white collar offenders use these techniques to distance themselves from the corporation and to shirk themselves of any blame. Criminal justice. A core assumption of white collar crimes is that law promotes these crimes, favoring the privileged and failing to criminalize these activities: the powerful will protect their own, and capitalism has inherent crime-producing features that require social transformations to quell crime and deviance (Friedrichs, 2010; Taylor et al., 1973). Lawmakers and government officials are not likely to criminalize activities that their cohorts may partake in, so legislation here is thin (Friedrichs, 2010). Research has pointed out the causes of white collar crime related to the capitalist system and power hierarchies, with top managers blamed for setting the tone of ethics in the corporation, and supervisors accused of knowing about crimes and pressuring those below them to do whatever it takes to make profits and cut costs (Henry & Milovanovic, 1994). This unconnected nature of business facilitates criminal activity and shifts blame within the corporation, with the power hierarchy supporting an isolating and competitive environment. Within this setting, it is not just an individual who is guilty; sometimes, the entire corporation is at fault. But, since we cannot imprison a corporation, general control penalties do not apply to white collar crime (Gottschalk, 2016). The obedience to authority and the multi-faceted issue of all the different players makes white collar crime a very convoluted topic in the criminal justice system. Dealing with these crimes in the justice system is therefore just as ambiguous as theo>
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