Language Assessment Approaches & Methods

by | Feb 2, 2023 | Economics

 

1. Which of the following is NOT a skill involved in reading?
a) Adapting reading style according to purpose and text
b) Understanding the meaning of every word
c) Making inferences about people, things and events
d) Playing video games
e) Memorizing poetry
2. What is the main challenge for language testers when measuring reading
ability?
a) The lack of clear demonstration of the skills involved in reading
b) Difficulty in designing tasks that result in observable behavior
c) The need for candidate to have prior knowledge of the text
d) Difficulty in determining the credibility of the test takers
e) Difficulty in measuring the speed of reading
3. Which of the following is not a type of expeditious reading?
a) Skimming
b) Search reading
c) Scanning
d) Main idea reading
e) Careful reading
4. What is the main advantage of expeditious reading?
a) It allows for more time to read
b) It improves comprehension
c) It allows for a more in-depth analysis
d) It is helpful in studying overseas
e) It is a prerequisite for slow and careful reading
King Saud University,
Diploma Programme, Prof. Yousif Alshumaimeri
CI 525M Language Assessment Approaches & Methods
5. Which of the following is not a text type that candidates may be expected
to deal with?
a) Video games
b) Textbooks
c) Handouts
d) Poems/verse
e) Encyclopedias
6. Which of the following is not a graphic feature that may be included in a
text?
a) Tables
b) Charts
c) Diagrams
d) Food
e) Cartoons
7. Which of the following is not a text form that candidates may be expected
to encounter?
a) Description
b) Exposition
c) Debate
d) Instruction
e) Narration
8. What type of text is most suitable for testing reading at an intermediate
level of proficiency?
a) Narrative
b) Descriptive
c) Expository
d) Persuasive
e) Poetic
9. What is the main criterion for determining the level of performance on a
reading comprehension test?
a) Speed of reading
b) Vocabulary size
c) Grammatical accuracy
d) Inferential understanding
e) Cultural background
King Saud University,
Diploma Programme, Prof. Yousif Alshumaimeri
CI 525M Language Assessment Approaches & Methods
10.How is the score on a reading comprehension test typically determined?
a) Number of words read per minute
b) Number of vocabulary words used
c) Number of grammatical errors made
d) Number of questions answered correctly
e) The number of idiomatic expressions used.

 

Sample solution

Dante Alighieri played a critical role in the literature world through his poem Divine Comedy that was written in the 14th century. The poem contains Inferno, Purgatorio, and Paradiso. The Inferno is a description of the nine circles of torment that are found on the earth. It depicts the realms of the people that have gone against the spiritual values and who, instead, have chosen bestial appetite, violence, or fraud and malice. The nine circles of hell are limbo, lust, gluttony, greed and wrath. Others are heresy, violence, fraud, and treachery. The purpose of this paper is to examine the Dante’s Inferno in the perspective of its portrayal of God’s image and the justification of hell. 

In this epic poem, God is portrayed as a super being guilty of multiple weaknesses including being egotistic, unjust, and hypocritical. Dante, in this poem, depicts God as being more human than divine by challenging God’s omnipotence. Additionally, the manner in which Dante describes Hell is in full contradiction to the morals of God as written in the Bible. When god arranges Hell to flatter Himself, He commits egotism, a sin that is common among human beings (Cheney, 2016). The weakness is depicted in Limbo and on the Gate of Hell where, for instance, God sends those who do not worship Him to Hell. This implies that failure to worship Him is a sin.


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God is also depicted as lacking justice in His actions thus removing the godly image. The injustice is portrayed by the manner in which the sodomites and opportunists are treated. The opportunists are subjected to banner chasing in their lives after death followed by being stung by insects and maggots. They are known to having done neither good nor bad during their lifetimes and, therefore, justice could have demanded that they be granted a neutral punishment having lived a neutral life. The sodomites are also punished unfairly by God when Brunetto Lattini is condemned to hell despite being a good leader (Babor, T. F., McGovern, T., & Robaina, K. (2017). While he commited sodomy, God chooses to ignore all the other good deeds that Brunetto did.

Finally, God is also portrayed as being hypocritical in His actions, a sin that further diminishes His godliness and makes Him more human. A case in point is when God condemns the sin of egotism and goes ahead to commit it repeatedly. Proverbs 29:23 states that “arrogance will bring your downfall, but if you are humble, you will be respected.” When Slattery condemns Dante’s human state as being weak, doubtful, and limited, he is proving God’s hypocrisy because He is also human (Verdicchio, 2015). The actions of God in Hell as portrayed by Dante are inconsistent with the Biblical literature. Both Dante and God are prone to making mistakes, something common among human beings thus making God more human.

To wrap it up, Dante portrays God is more human since He commits the same sins that humans commit: egotism, hypocrisy, and injustice. Hell is justified as being a destination for victims of the mistakes committed by God. The Hell is presented as being a totally different place as compared to what is written about it in the Bible. As a result, reading through the text gives an image of God who is prone to the very mistakes common to humans thus ripping Him off His lofty status of divine and, instead, making Him a mere human. Whether or not Dante did it intentionally is subject to debate but one thing is clear in the poem: the misconstrued notion of God is revealed to future generations.

 

References

Babor, T. F., McGovern, T., & Robaina, K. (2017). Dante’s inferno: Seven deadly sins in scientific publishing and how to avoid them. Addiction Science: A Guide for the Perplexed, 267.

Cheney, L. D. G. (2016). Illustrations for Dante’s Inferno: A Comparative Study of Sandro Botticelli, Giovanni Stradano, and Federico Zuccaro. Cultural and Religious Studies, 4(8), 487.

Verdicchio, M. (2015). Irony and Desire in Dante’s” Inferno” 27. Italica, 285-297.

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