Maturity Repayment Value at Annual Maturity $m Interest

by | Jan 8, 2022 | Analysis

5 12 6% 4 10 7% 3 8 5%
In your report, you should clearly state the composition of your portfolio (i.e., fill in the table above with the names of three real-world companies).
Assume that all three loans are senior unsecured debt denominated in US dollars and that the analysis is conducted on 30th November 2021. The loan will
be repaid at maturity date. Clearly state any assumptions you make in your estimations.
Using CreditMetrics (full implementation) and KMV, you are required to compute relative VaR and Expected Shortfall with MonteCarlo simulation for the
portfolio above at time horizons of 1-year and 2-year periods and confidence interval of 99%.
Interpret, compare, and discuss your results critically. Do a reality check on all the above calculations. Are your results according to your expectations? Why
or why not?
(1,500 words, 50 Marks)
2
Mapping to Programme Goals and Objectives
Programme (Level) Learning Outcomes that this module contributes to: Knowledge & Understanding:
• Assess knowledge of contemporary professional practice in business and management informed by theory and research. [LO1.1]
• Appraise knowledge of business and management to complex problems in professional practice in order to identify justifiable, sustainable and responsible
solutions [LO 1.2]
Intellectual / Professional skills & abilities:
• Critique creative and critical thinking skills that involve independence, understanding, justification and the ability to challenge the thinking of self and others
[LO 2.2.]
Personal Values Attributes (Global / Cultural awareness, Ethics, Curiosity) (PVA):
• Critique their personal skills and attitudes for progression to post-graduate contexts including professional work, entrepreneurship and higher-level study
[LO 3.2]
Module Specific Assessment Criteria
Knowledge & Understanding:
• Develop knowledge and understanding of international banking regulation, credit, foreign exchange and market risks. [MLO1]
• Critically evaluate the measurement models and the management issues in the context of the regulatory requirements within the banking and finance
sector. [MLO2]
Intellectual / Professional skills & abilities:
• You will develop the quantitative as well as qualitative skills while measuring and managing the credit and market risks. [MLO3]
Personal Values Attributes (Global / Cultural awareness, Ethics, Curiosity) (PVA):
• You will be made aware of the risk facing international financial markets and how you can equip management with the knowledge and expertise to
implement stronger organisational controls to address these risks.

Sample Solution

Sample solution

Dante Alighieri played a critical role in the literature world through his poem Divine Comedy that was written in the 14th century. The poem contains Inferno, Purgatorio, and Paradiso. The Inferno is a description of the nine circles of torment that are found on the earth. It depicts the realms of the people that have gone against the spiritual values and who, instead, have chosen bestial appetite, violence, or fraud and malice. The nine circles of hell are limbo, lust, gluttony, greed and wrath. Others are heresy, violence, fraud, and treachery. The purpose of this paper is to examine the Dante’s Inferno in the perspective of its portrayal of God’s image and the justification of hell. 

In this epic poem, God is portrayed as a super being guilty of multiple weaknesses including being egotistic, unjust, and hypocritical. Dante, in this poem, depicts God as being more human than divine by challenging God’s omnipotence. Additionally, the manner in which Dante describes Hell is in full contradiction to the morals of God as written in the Bible. When god arranges Hell to flatter Himself, He commits egotism, a sin that is common among human beings (Cheney, 2016). The weakness is depicted in Limbo and on the Gate of Hell where, for instance, God sends those who do not worship Him to Hell. This implies that failure to worship Him is a sin.


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God is also depicted as lacking justice in His actions thus removing the godly image. The injustice is portrayed by the manner in which the sodomites and opportunists are treated. The opportunists are subjected to banner chasing in their lives after death followed by being stung by insects and maggots. They are known to having done neither good nor bad during their lifetimes and, therefore, justice could have demanded that they be granted a neutral punishment having lived a neutral life. The sodomites are also punished unfairly by God when Brunetto Lattini is condemned to hell despite being a good leader (Babor, T. F., McGovern, T., & Robaina, K. (2017). While he commited sodomy, God chooses to ignore all the other good deeds that Brunetto did.

Finally, God is also portrayed as being hypocritical in His actions, a sin that further diminishes His godliness and makes Him more human. A case in point is when God condemns the sin of egotism and goes ahead to commit it repeatedly. Proverbs 29:23 states that “arrogance will bring your downfall, but if you are humble, you will be respected.” When Slattery condemns Dante’s human state as being weak, doubtful, and limited, he is proving God’s hypocrisy because He is also human (Verdicchio, 2015). The actions of God in Hell as portrayed by Dante are inconsistent with the Biblical literature. Both Dante and God are prone to making mistakes, something common among human beings thus making God more human.

To wrap it up, Dante portrays God is more human since He commits the same sins that humans commit: egotism, hypocrisy, and injustice. Hell is justified as being a destination for victims of the mistakes committed by God. The Hell is presented as being a totally different place as compared to what is written about it in the Bible. As a result, reading through the text gives an image of God who is prone to the very mistakes common to humans thus ripping Him off His lofty status of divine and, instead, making Him a mere human. Whether or not Dante did it intentionally is subject to debate but one thing is clear in the poem: the misconstrued notion of God is revealed to future generations.

 

References

Babor, T. F., McGovern, T., & Robaina, K. (2017). Dante’s inferno: Seven deadly sins in scientific publishing and how to avoid them. Addiction Science: A Guide for the Perplexed, 267.

Cheney, L. D. G. (2016). Illustrations for Dante’s Inferno: A Comparative Study of Sandro Botticelli, Giovanni Stradano, and Federico Zuccaro. Cultural and Religious Studies, 4(8), 487.

Verdicchio, M. (2015). Irony and Desire in Dante’s” Inferno” 27. Italica, 285-297.

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