Evaluate how project management interacts with risk management.
Sample solution
Dante Alighieri played a critical role in the literature world through his poem Divine Comedy that was written in the 14th century. The poem contains Inferno, Purgatorio, and Paradiso. The Inferno is a description of the nine circles of torment that are found on the earth. It depicts the realms of the people that have gone against the spiritual values and who, instead, have chosen bestial appetite, violence, or fraud and malice. The nine circles of hell are limbo, lust, gluttony, greed and wrath. Others are heresy, violence, fraud, and treachery. The purpose of this paper is to examine the Dante’s Inferno in the perspective of its portrayal of God’s image and the justification of hell.
In this epic poem, God is portrayed as a super being guilty of multiple weaknesses including being egotistic, unjust, and hypocritical. Dante, in this poem, depicts God as being more human than divine by challenging God’s omnipotence. Additionally, the manner in which Dante describes Hell is in full contradiction to the morals of God as written in the Bible. When god arranges Hell to flatter Himself, He commits egotism, a sin that is common among human beings (Cheney, 2016). The weakness is depicted in Limbo and on the Gate of Hell where, for instance, God sends those who do not worship Him to Hell. This implies that failure to worship Him is a sin.
God is also depicted as lacking justice in His actions thus removing the godly image. The injustice is portrayed by the manner in which the sodomites and opportunists are treated. The opportunists are subjected to banner chasing in their lives after death followed by being stung by insects and maggots. They are known to having done neither good nor bad during their lifetimes and, therefore, justice could have demanded that they be granted a neutral punishment having lived a neutral life. The sodomites are also punished unfairly by God when Brunetto Lattini is condemned to hell despite being a good leader (Babor, T. F., McGovern, T., & Robaina, K. (2017). While he commited sodomy, God chooses to ignore all the other good deeds that Brunetto did.
Finally, God is also portrayed as being hypocritical in His actions, a sin that further diminishes His godliness and makes Him more human. A case in point is when God condemns the sin of egotism and goes ahead to commit it repeatedly. Proverbs 29:23 states that “arrogance will bring your downfall, but if you are humble, you will be respected.” When Slattery condemns Dante’s human state as being weak, doubtful, and limited, he is proving God’s hypocrisy because He is also human (Verdicchio, 2015). The actions of God in Hell as portrayed by Dante are inconsistent with the Biblical literature. Both Dante and God are prone to making mistakes, something common among human beings thus making God more human.
To wrap it up, Dante portrays God is more human since He commits the same sins that humans commit: egotism, hypocrisy, and injustice. Hell is justified as being a destination for victims of the mistakes committed by God. The Hell is presented as being a totally different place as compared to what is written about it in the Bible. As a result, reading through the text gives an image of God who is prone to the very mistakes common to humans thus ripping Him off His lofty status of divine and, instead, making Him a mere human. Whether or not Dante did it intentionally is subject to debate but one thing is clear in the poem: the misconstrued notion of God is revealed to future generations.
References
Babor, T. F., McGovern, T., & Robaina, K. (2017). Dante’s inferno: Seven deadly sins in scientific publishing and how to avoid them. Addiction Science: A Guide for the Perplexed, 267.
Cheney, L. D. G. (2016). Illustrations for Dante’s Inferno: A Comparative Study of Sandro Botticelli, Giovanni Stradano, and Federico Zuccaro. Cultural and Religious Studies, 4(8), 487.
Verdicchio, M. (2015). Irony and Desire in Dante’s” Inferno” 27. Italica, 285-297.
Sample Answer
Sample Answer
Project management and risk management are two critical components of successful project execution. They are closely intertwined, as effective project management involves identifying, assessing, and managing risks throughout the project lifecycle. Here is an evaluation of how project management interacts with risk management:
- Risk Identification: Project management involves identifying potential risks that may affect the project’s objectives, timeline, budget, or quality. Risk management techniques, such as brainstorming sessions, expert interviews, and historical data analysis, are utilized to identify various risks. This information is then used to create a comprehensive risk register.
- Risk Assessment: Once risks are identified, project management evaluates and assesses their potential impact and likelihood. Project managers analyze the severity of each risk and prioritize them based on their significance to the project’s success. This assessment helps in determining the level of attention and resources that should be allocated to manage each risk effectively.
- Risk Planning: Project management involves developing risk response strategies and contingency plans to address identified risks. The project manager collaborates with stakeholders to determine the most appropriate course of action for each risk. Risk response strategies may include risk avoidance, risk mitigation, risk transfer, or risk acceptance. These plans outline the necessary actions to minimize negative impacts and maximize project success.
- Risk Monitoring and Control: Project management continuously monitors and controls risks throughout the project’s lifecycle. Regular risk reviews and status updates are conducted to assess the effectiveness of risk response strategies and identify emerging risks. Project managers work closely with team members and stakeholders to ensure that risks are managed in a timely and effective manner. Risk monitoring allows for proactive decision-making and adjustment of project plans as needed.
- Communication and Documentation: Effective communication is a critical aspect of both project management and risk management. Project managers ensure that risks are communicated clearly to stakeholders, team members, and relevant parties. They provide regular updates on risk status, mitigation efforts, and any changes that may impact the project’s objectives. Clear documentation of risks, their assessments, and response plans allows for transparency and accountability.
- Integration with Project Controls: Risk management is integrated with project controls, such as cost management, schedule management, and quality management. Risk evaluation helps in estimating contingencies, developing realistic schedules, and identifying potential quality issues. Project managers use risk information to make informed decisions and allocate resources effectively to minimize disruptions and achieve project success.
In conclusion, project management and risk management are closely intertwined. Project management incorporates risk identification, assessment, planning, monitoring, and control activities into its framework to ensure that risks are effectively managed throughout the project lifecycle. By integrating risk management practices, project managers can proactively address potential threats and enhance the chances of project success.
