Prevention essential health benefits for women that must be covered under the Affordable Care Act
• Name and discuss four prevention essential health benefits for women that must be covered under the Affordable Care Act. • For women in the age range of early adulthood describe: o The psychosocial development. o As a Nurse practitioner, what you think would be the most appropriate clinical education and clinical interventions you would do on a patient in that age range. Base your answer on most common normal and pathological situations women face in the mentioned age range. • Define and give an example of Primary, Secondary and Tertiary prevention on Women's Health.
Well-Woman Visits: Coverage for at least one annual preventive care visit (or "well-woman visit") to obtain recommended services.4 This is the opportunity for a clinician to assess risk factors, provide counseling, and administer other preventative screenings.
Screening for Interpersonal and Domestic Violence (IPV): All adolescent and adult women must be screened for IPV and provided or referred to intervention services when necessary. This addresses a significant, often hidden, public health issue.
Breastfeeding Support, Supplies, and Counseling: Comprehensive lactation support services, including counseling, education, and access to breastfeeding equipment and supplies (e.g., breast pump rental), must be covered during the antenatal, perinatal, and postpartum periods.5
Early Adulthood (Ages 20s to Early 40s) for Women
Psychosocial Development
The core task of early adulthood, according to Erik Erikson, is Intimacy vs. Isolation. This is the stage where young adults seek to form deep, meaningful, and often romantic relationships.6
Key Developmental Tasks
Description
Intimacy & Relationship Formation
Establishing close, committed relationships, which may include marriage, long-term partnerships, or deep friendships. There is a need to balance personal identity with sharing oneself fully with another.
Career/Vocation Establishment
Committing to an occupation or career path, often involving advanced education or intense professional growth. For women, this may involve navigating the "split dream" of balancing career advancement with family and maternal timing.
Independence and Autonomy
Achieving financial and residential independence from the family of origin, taking responsibility for one's own life, and establishing a personal value system.
Parenthood Decisions
This age range often involves critical decisions regarding reproduction, fertility, and the timing of having children, which profoundly impacts personal and professional life structure.
Sample Answer
This response addresses the requirements by discussing the Affordable Care Act's essential health benefits for women, outlining the psychosocial development and corresponding NP interventions for early adulthood, and defining and exemplifying the three levels of prevention in women's health.
Affordable Care Act (ACA) Essential Health Benefits for Women
Under the ACA, most new individual and small group health insurance plans must cover certain preventive services for women without charging a copayment, coinsurance, or deductible.
Four essential preventive health benefits for women are:
Contraception: Coverage must be provided for the full range of U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved contraceptives, sterilization procedures, and patient education/counseling, as prescribed by a health care provider for women with reproductive capacity. This is crucial for preventing unintended pregnancies.