Patient: A 35-year-old male who is married and has two school-aged children (8 and 10 years old).
Job History: Patient joined the military upon graduating from high school. He was unsure of a profession/career to pursue. Patient was in the United States Marines for 8 years. He reports two tours of duty overseas; one of those tours being spent in Iraq. While in the military, patient earned his bachelor’s degree in business. Patient currently works as a manager in a bank. He reports moderate levels of stress in his job, which sometimes results in him staying home from work to avoid the stress. The patient reports that while he does not dislike his job, it is not a career he can see remaining in until retirement.
Medical Background: Patient reports that he was healthy for the majority of his life. He is active and physically fit. He eats well and does not abuse drugs or alcohol. In his early 20s, he smoked but he “cleaned up his act” when he learned he and his wife were expecting their first child. Recently, he has been experiencing a variety of unexplained physical symptoms including back pain, headaches, and chest pain. He has sought medical help for these problems several times. He reports that he often goes to the ER due to experiencing chest pain, but after numerous tests are run, he is discharged upon finding nothing wrong.
Complaint: In addition to the physical symptoms listed above, the patient also states he feels scared and anxious. He has difficulty sleeping. He reports difficulty in controlling his anger and that outbursts are often directed at loved ones (wife and children).
Based on the above information, complete the following:
(Make sure to use scholarly sources to back up your responses)

1. Record developmental, gender, or culturally relevant factors to consider in making a diagnosis from the case study.
2. What additional information is needed?
3. How do the symptoms meet the diagnostic criteria for the selected diagnosis?
4. What similar conditions did you rule out in order to determine the diagnosis you selected?
5. Based upon the factors listed, what is your diagnosis?
6. Based on the selected diagnosis, what therapy treatment/intervention would you recommend to this patient based upon the factors you have to consider?
7. What psychological theoretical orientation would you use to drive the treatment of this patient?
8. Ensure you have cited tools that you used in your assessment and diagnosis, including the current version of the DSM.

Sample solution

Dante Alighieri played a critical role in the literature world through his poem Divine Comedy that was written in the 14th century. The poem contains Inferno, Purgatorio, and Paradiso. The Inferno is a description of the nine circles of torment that are found on the earth. It depicts the realms of the people that have gone against the spiritual values and who, instead, have chosen bestial appetite, violence, or fraud and malice. The nine circles of hell are limbo, lust, gluttony, greed and wrath. Others are heresy, violence, fraud, and treachery. The purpose of this paper is to examine the Dante’s Inferno in the perspective of its portrayal of God’s image and the justification of hell. 

In this epic poem, God is portrayed as a super being guilty of multiple weaknesses including being egotistic, unjust, and hypocritical. Dante, in this poem, depicts God as being more human than divine by challenging God’s omnipotence. Additionally, the manner in which Dante describes Hell is in full contradiction to the morals of God as written in the Bible. When god arranges Hell to flatter Himself, He commits egotism, a sin that is common among human beings (Cheney, 2016). The weakness is depicted in Limbo and on the Gate of Hell where, for instance, God sends those who do not worship Him to Hell. This implies that failure to worship Him is a sin.

God is also depicted as lacking justice in His actions thus removing the godly image. The injustice is portrayed by the manner in which the sodomites and opportunists are treated. The opportunists are subjected to banner chasing in their lives after death followed by being stung by insects and maggots. They are known to having done neither good nor bad during their lifetimes and, therefore, justice could have demanded that they be granted a neutral punishment having lived a neutral life. The sodomites are also punished unfairly by God when Brunetto Lattini is condemned to hell despite being a good leader (Babor, T. F., McGovern, T., & Robaina, K. (2017). While he commited sodomy, God chooses to ignore all the other good deeds that Brunetto did.

Finally, God is also portrayed as being hypocritical in His actions, a sin that further diminishes His godliness and makes Him more human. A case in point is when God condemns the sin of egotism and goes ahead to commit it repeatedly. Proverbs 29:23 states that “arrogance will bring your downfall, but if you are humble, you will be respected.” When Slattery condemns Dante’s human state as being weak, doubtful, and limited, he is proving God’s hypocrisy because He is also human (Verdicchio, 2015). The actions of God in Hell as portrayed by Dante are inconsistent with the Biblical literature. Both Dante and God are prone to making mistakes, something common among human beings thus making God more human.

To wrap it up, Dante portrays God is more human since He commits the same sins that humans commit: egotism, hypocrisy, and injustice. Hell is justified as being a destination for victims of the mistakes committed by God. The Hell is presented as being a totally different place as compared to what is written about it in the Bible. As a result, reading through the text gives an image of God who is prone to the very mistakes common to humans thus ripping Him off His lofty status of divine and, instead, making Him a mere human. Whether or not Dante did it intentionally is subject to debate but one thing is clear in the poem: the misconstrued notion of God is revealed to future generations.

 

References

Babor, T. F., McGovern, T., & Robaina, K. (2017). Dante’s inferno: Seven deadly sins in scientific publishing and how to avoid them. Addiction Science: A Guide for the Perplexed, 267.

Cheney, L. D. G. (2016). Illustrations for Dante’s Inferno: A Comparative Study of Sandro Botticelli, Giovanni Stradano, and Federico Zuccaro. Cultural and Religious Studies4(8), 487.

Verdicchio, M. (2015). Irony and Desire in Dante’s” Inferno” 27. Italica, 285-297.

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