1. Solution Strategies: List, define and give an example of the solution strategies your text discusses. Which of these do you tend to use most often? Share an example! Partial answers = partial credit!
2. Heuristics: Which of the heuristics your textbook lists would you be most likely to choose to help you solve a problem and why.
3. Theories of Intelligence: Which of the theories of intelligence do you agree with and why?
4. Gamblers fallacy: Have you ever had a “less than positive” outcome when you incorporated this into your decision making process??
5. Reliability, validity. What are these concepts?
Sample solution
Dante Alighieri played a critical role in the literature world through his poem Divine Comedy that was written in the 14th century. The poem contains Inferno, Purgatorio, and Paradiso. The Inferno is a description of the nine circles of torment that are found on the earth. It depicts the realms of the people that have gone against the spiritual values and who, instead, have chosen bestial appetite, violence, or fraud and malice. The nine circles of hell are limbo, lust, gluttony, greed and wrath. Others are heresy, violence, fraud, and treachery. The purpose of this paper is to examine the Dante’s Inferno in the perspective of its portrayal of God’s image and the justification of hell.
In this epic poem, God is portrayed as a super being guilty of multiple weaknesses including being egotistic, unjust, and hypocritical. Dante, in this poem, depicts God as being more human than divine by challenging God’s omnipotence. Additionally, the manner in which Dante describes Hell is in full contradiction to the morals of God as written in the Bible. When god arranges Hell to flatter Himself, He commits egotism, a sin that is common among human beings (Cheney, 2016). The weakness is depicted in Limbo and on the Gate of Hell where, for instance, God sends those who do not worship Him to Hell. This implies that failure to worship Him is a sin.
God is also depicted as lacking justice in His actions thus removing the godly image. The injustice is portrayed by the manner in which the sodomites and opportunists are treated. The opportunists are subjected to banner chasing in their lives after death followed by being stung by insects and maggots. They are known to having done neither good nor bad during their lifetimes and, therefore, justice could have demanded that they be granted a neutral punishment having lived a neutral life. The sodomites are also punished unfairly by God when Brunetto Lattini is condemned to hell despite being a good leader (Babor, T. F., McGovern, T., & Robaina, K. (2017). While he commited sodomy, God chooses to ignore all the other good deeds that Brunetto did.
Finally, God is also portrayed as being hypocritical in His actions, a sin that further diminishes His godliness and makes Him more human. A case in point is when God condemns the sin of egotism and goes ahead to commit it repeatedly. Proverbs 29:23 states that “arrogance will bring your downfall, but if you are humble, you will be respected.” When Slattery condemns Dante’s human state as being weak, doubtful, and limited, he is proving God’s hypocrisy because He is also human (Verdicchio, 2015). The actions of God in Hell as portrayed by Dante are inconsistent with the Biblical literature. Both Dante and God are prone to making mistakes, something common among human beings thus making God more human.
To wrap it up, Dante portrays God is more human since He commits the same sins that humans commit: egotism, hypocrisy, and injustice. Hell is justified as being a destination for victims of the mistakes committed by God. The Hell is presented as being a totally different place as compared to what is written about it in the Bible. As a result, reading through the text gives an image of God who is prone to the very mistakes common to humans thus ripping Him off His lofty status of divine and, instead, making Him a mere human. Whether or not Dante did it intentionally is subject to debate but one thing is clear in the poem: the misconstrued notion of God is revealed to future generations.
References
Babor, T. F., McGovern, T., & Robaina, K. (2017). Dante’s inferno: Seven deadly sins in scientific publishing and how to avoid them. Addiction Science: A Guide for the Perplexed, 267.
Cheney, L. D. G. (2016). Illustrations for Dante’s Inferno: A Comparative Study of Sandro Botticelli, Giovanni Stradano, and Federico Zuccaro. Cultural and Religious Studies, 4(8), 487.
Verdicchio, M. (2015). Irony and Desire in Dante’s” Inferno” 27. Italica, 285-297.
Sample Answer
Sample Answer
1. Solution Strategies:
a. List of Solution Strategies:
1. Trial and Error: Involves trying different approaches until a solution is found.
2. Algorithm: A step-by-step procedure that guarantees a solution.
3. Heuristic: A general problem-solving framework or rule of thumb.
4. Logical Reasoning: Using deductive or inductive reasoning to reach a conclusion.
b. Definition and Example:
– Heuristic: Heuristics are mental shortcuts or strategies that simplify the problem-solving process. An example would be using the “Divide and Conquer” heuristic, where a complex problem is divided into smaller, more manageable parts for easier solution finding.
c. Preferred Solution Strategy:
– I tend to use heuristics most often in problem-solving as they provide efficient and practical approaches to tackling various problems. For instance, when faced with time constraints, I often employ the heuristic of “working backward” to identify the steps needed to reach a goal efficiently.
2. Heuristics:
Preferred Heuristic and Reasoning:
– I would be most likely to choose the “Analogies” heuristic to aid in problem-solving. Drawing parallels between the current problem and a similar past problem can provide insights and solutions. Analogies help in transferring knowledge from one context to another, fostering creative problem-solving and innovative thinking.
3. Theories of Intelligence:
Preferred Theory of Intelligence:
– I align more with the theory of multiple intelligences proposed by Howard Gardner. This theory suggests that intelligence is not a singular entity but comprises various types of intelligence, such as linguistic, logical-mathematical, spatial, musical, interpersonal, and intrapersonal intelligences. I resonate with this theory as it acknowledges diverse forms of intelligence beyond traditional measures like IQ, emphasizing individual strengths and capabilities.
4. Gambler’s Fallacy:
Personal Experience:
– Incorporating the Gambler’s Fallacy into decision-making can lead to unfavorable outcomes. An example is in gambling when believing that past losses increase the likelihood of a win, leading to continued betting based on false assumptions rather than probabilities. This fallacy can result in financial losses and poor decision-making if not recognized and corrected.
5. Reliability and Validity:
Definitions:
– Reliability: Refers to the consistency and stability of a measurement tool or test. A reliable measure produces consistent results when repeated.
– Validity: Indicates the accuracy and relevance of a measurement tool in assessing what it intends to measure. A valid measure accurately captures the concept or trait under investigation.
By understanding reliability and validity, researchers can ensure that their measurements are dependable and accurately reflect the constructs being studied, enhancing the credibility and robustness of their findings.
