The Mauryan Empire
The first major empire in the history of the Indian subcontinent was the Maurya Empire (322-184 BCE). Our sources for studying it are few in number or were written by outside observers. As such, historians have greatly benefited from the discovery and compilation of the rock and pillar edicts of the Maurya emperor Ashoka (ruled 268-232 BCE). Ashoka had edicts inscribed on rocks and sandstone pillars in populous areas where people gathered, so that they could read them or, if they were illiterate, hear his officials read them out loud.
Tasks:
First, read "The Mauryan Empire (321 – 184 BCE)," and read Selections from the Edicts of King Ashoka. Answer the questions included below.
In the edicts of King Ashoka, he used terms like Dharma and Karma to steadily move his people away from violence towards each other and other sentient life, even to the point of not harming animals for food.
Imagine that you are a citizen of his empire at this time and not a Buddhist yet, what argument do you feel would be the most compelling to help stop you eating meat and moving towards vegetarianism? To stop violence and warfare? How do these relate to your own cultural and social beliefs? Please be specific and careful to define terms like Dharma and Karma and the precepts of Buddhism and connect them to your own worldview.
In your opinion, do you feel any of Ashoka’s edicts are relevant today? Provide examples from your own experiences as a global citizen in the 21st century. (you might consider issues such as social welfare, factory farming, and contemporary war among nation-states, among others)
Expectations and Criteria for Success:
Your discussion post should answer all the questions above with specific examples and details from the assigned sources.
Posts should be a minimum of 250 words.
The Mauryan Empire, which existed from 322 to 184 BCE, was the first major empire in the Indian subcontinent. Despite the scarcity of sources regarding this era, historians have greatly benefited from the discovery and compilation of the rock and pillar edicts of Emperor Ashoka, who ruled from 268 to 232 BCE. These edicts were inscribed on rocks and sandstone pillars in populous areas, allowing people to read or hear them if they were illiterate.
In his edicts, Emperor Ashoka used terms like Dharma and Karma to promote non-violence towards others, including sentient beings. As a citizen of his empire during this time, not yet a Buddhist, the most compelling argument for me to move towards vegetarianism and stop eating meat would be the idea of ahimsa, or non-violence. Ahimsa is a central concept in Buddhism and Hinduism, emphasizing the avoidance of harm to any living being. By refraining from consuming meat, I would align myself with this principle and contribute to a more peaceful society.
Furthermore, the concepts of Dharma and Karma introduced by Ashoka can be connected to my own cultural and social beliefs. Dharma refers to one’s ethical duty and moral responsibilities, while Karma is the law of cause and effect. By practicing vegetarianism, I would fulfill my Dharma by aligning my actions with the principle of non-violence. Additionally, I would generate positive Karma by choosing compassion over harm, which could lead to a better future for myself and others.
In my opinion, many of Ashoka’s edicts remain relevant today. One example is the emphasis on social welfare. Ashoka implemented policies to improve the lives of his subjects, including the establishment of hospitals and the promotion of fair trade. In the 21st century, issues such as poverty, healthcare disparities, and income inequality are still prevalent. Ashoka’s focus on social welfare serves as an inspiration for addressing these contemporary challenges.
Another relevant edict is Ashoka’s call for peace and the avoidance of warfare. In today’s world, conflicts between nation-states continue to cause immense suffering and loss of life. Ashoka’s message of non-violence and diplomacy resonates deeply in this context. As a global citizen, I believe that peaceful resolutions and dialogue should always be prioritized over armed conflict.
Additionally, Ashoka’s edicts can be applied to modern issues like factory farming. The mistreatment and exploitation of animals in industrial agriculture aligns with the historical disregard for sentient life that Ashoka sought to change. By advocating for animal rights and adopting a plant-based diet, individuals can contribute to reducing cruelty in our food systems.
In conclusion, Emperor Ashoka’s edicts promoting non-violence, social welfare, and peace remain relevant in the 21st century. By connecting these principles with our own cultural and social beliefs, we can strive for a more compassionate and just world. The lessons from Ashoka’s rule serve as a timeless reminder of the importance of empathy, ethics, and the pursuit of peace.