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• Identification: Select a work of art. You may select a piece that you like or dislike. Get all the information provided: artist, title, medium, year, etc. Write down your initial responses. How do you respond to the work? Does it invoke an emotional response? What do you think the artist was trying to communicate? It is helpful to bring a notebook to record your responses.
• Describe the piece and review it carefully. What do you see? Note all the details about the work. How would you describe it to someone you were talking to on the phone who can’t see it?
• Analyze the visual elements and design principles, thinking about the relationship between form, content, and subject matter. This will be helpful in your ‘interpretation’ of the work. Consider context: does it fit into a movement or time period? Consider its place in the artist’s overall output.
• Interpretation Follow your analysis with a subjective interpretation of the meaning of the work. How does the work make you feel? What do you think the content is? Go beyond “I like it” or “I don’t like it.”
• Research the artist. Historical and biographical information on the artist often provides clues into a work’s intended meaning. Carefully consider the purpose and context of the piece. Did the piece you selected have any particular political or cultural message? Was the artist making a statement?
• Evaluate What do you think the artist’s intentions were? Was this communicated? Does it have value? Can you recognize the aesthetic quality in the work?

Sample solution

Dante Alighieri played a critical role in the literature world through his poem Divine Comedy that was written in the 14th century. The poem contains Inferno, Purgatorio, and Paradiso. The Inferno is a description of the nine circles of torment that are found on the earth. It depicts the realms of the people that have gone against the spiritual values and who, instead, have chosen bestial appetite, violence, or fraud and malice. The nine circles of hell are limbo, lust, gluttony, greed and wrath. Others are heresy, violence, fraud, and treachery. The purpose of this paper is to examine the Dante’s Inferno in the perspective of its portrayal of God’s image and the justification of hell. 

In this epic poem, God is portrayed as a super being guilty of multiple weaknesses including being egotistic, unjust, and hypocritical. Dante, in this poem, depicts God as being more human than divine by challenging God’s omnipotence. Additionally, the manner in which Dante describes Hell is in full contradiction to the morals of God as written in the Bible. When god arranges Hell to flatter Himself, He commits egotism, a sin that is common among human beings (Cheney, 2016). The weakness is depicted in Limbo and on the Gate of Hell where, for instance, God sends those who do not worship Him to Hell. This implies that failure to worship Him is a sin.

God is also depicted as lacking justice in His actions thus removing the godly image. The injustice is portrayed by the manner in which the sodomites and opportunists are treated. The opportunists are subjected to banner chasing in their lives after death followed by being stung by insects and maggots. They are known to having done neither good nor bad during their lifetimes and, therefore, justice could have demanded that they be granted a neutral punishment having lived a neutral life. The sodomites are also punished unfairly by God when Brunetto Lattini is condemned to hell despite being a good leader (Babor, T. F., McGovern, T., & Robaina, K. (2017). While he commited sodomy, God chooses to ignore all the other good deeds that Brunetto did.

Finally, God is also portrayed as being hypocritical in His actions, a sin that further diminishes His godliness and makes Him more human. A case in point is when God condemns the sin of egotism and goes ahead to commit it repeatedly. Proverbs 29:23 states that “arrogance will bring your downfall, but if you are humble, you will be respected.” When Slattery condemns Dante’s human state as being weak, doubtful, and limited, he is proving God’s hypocrisy because He is also human (Verdicchio, 2015). The actions of God in Hell as portrayed by Dante are inconsistent with the Biblical literature. Both Dante and God are prone to making mistakes, something common among human beings thus making God more human.

To wrap it up, Dante portrays God is more human since He commits the same sins that humans commit: egotism, hypocrisy, and injustice. Hell is justified as being a destination for victims of the mistakes committed by God. The Hell is presented as being a totally different place as compared to what is written about it in the Bible. As a result, reading through the text gives an image of God who is prone to the very mistakes common to humans thus ripping Him off His lofty status of divine and, instead, making Him a mere human. Whether or not Dante did it intentionally is subject to debate but one thing is clear in the poem: the misconstrued notion of God is revealed to future generations.

 

References

Babor, T. F., McGovern, T., & Robaina, K. (2017). Dante’s inferno: Seven deadly sins in scientific publishing and how to avoid them. Addiction Science: A Guide for the Perplexed, 267.

Cheney, L. D. G. (2016). Illustrations for Dante’s Inferno: A Comparative Study of Sandro Botticelli, Giovanni Stradano, and Federico Zuccaro. Cultural and Religious Studies4(8), 487.

Verdicchio, M. (2015). Irony and Desire in Dante’s” Inferno” 27. Italica, 285-297.

Sample Answer

Sample Answer

 

Title: “The Seed of the Areoi” by Paul Gauguin

Identification:

Artist: Paul Gauguin
Title: The Seed of the Areoi
Medium: Oil on canvas
Year: 1892
Initial Response: Upon seeing “The Seed of the Areoi” by Paul Gauguin, I was immediately struck by the vibrant colors and bold brushwork used in the artwork. The composition exudes a sense of energy and movement, invoking a feeling of intrigue and curiosity. I sensed that the artist was trying to communicate a story or narrative through the imagery and symbolism present in the painting.

Description: “The Seed of the Areoi” depicts a group of figures in a tropical landscape. The foreground features three women, one of whom is nursing a baby. The figures are surrounded by lush vegetation and vibrant flowers. The colors used by Gauguin are intense and non-representational, contributing to a dreamlike quality. The brushwork is loose and expressive, adding to the sense of movement and spontaneity in the composition.

Analyzing the Visual Elements and Design Principles: Gauguin’s use of bold, non-realistic colors and simplified forms aligns with the principles of Post-Impressionism. The composition is characterized by flattened perspectives, emphasizing the two-dimensional nature of the painting. The figures are stylized and elongated, with an emphasis on decorative patterns and shapes. The use of vibrant colors and dynamic brushwork creates a sense of energy and vitality in the artwork.

Interpretation: “The Seed of the Areoi” evokes a sense of exoticism and mystery. The tropical setting and the indigenous figures suggest a narrative rooted in cultural exploration and escape from Western civilization. The presence of the nursing mother symbolizes fertility and the cycle of life. The vibrant colors and expressive brushwork contribute to a sense of freedom and liberation from societal constraints. The painting invites viewers to immerse themselves in a world that is both enchanting and foreign.

Research on the Artist: Paul Gauguin was a French Post-Impressionist artist known for his innovative use of color and unconventional subject matter. He was deeply influenced by his travels to Tahiti, where he sought to escape European society and immerse himself in a more primitive and authentic way of life. Gauguin’s works often explored themes of spirituality, nature, and the human condition. His paintings were highly symbolic and aimed to convey an emotional and spiritual truth.

Evaluation: In “The Seed of the Areoi,” Gauguin’s intentions were to convey a sense of cultural exploration, exoticism, and freedom from societal norms. The use of vibrant colors, stylized forms, and expressive brushwork effectively communicates these intentions, evoking an emotional response in viewers. The artwork holds significant value in its ability to transport viewers to a different world and provoke contemplation on themes of identity, culture, and human connection.

The aesthetic quality of “The Seed of the Areoi” can be recognized through Gauguin’s masterful use of color, composition, and brushwork. The bold and vibrant palette creates a visual impact, while the loose brushwork adds a sense of dynamism to the artwork. The stylized forms and flattened perspective contribute to a unique visual language that is characteristic of Gauguin’s style.

In conclusion, “The Seed of the Areoi” by Paul Gauguin is a visually captivating artwork that explores themes of cultural exploration, freedom, and exoticism. Through its use of vibrant colors, expressive brushwork, and stylized forms, the painting effectively communicates the artist’s intentions. It holds both aesthetic value and carries a deeper meaning that invites viewers to contemplate the complexities of human existence and the allure of escaping societal constraints.

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