What are the main barriers in the process of developing an urban CE strategy, according to the perceptions of different stakeholder groups?
Include a chapter on the different types of stakeholders to be taken into account in Circular Economy (CE), one on identifying different barriers in the process of developing urban Circular Economy strategies and others considered relevant.
Sample solution
Dante Alighieri played a critical role in the literature world through his poem Divine Comedy that was written in the 14th century. The poem contains Inferno, Purgatorio, and Paradiso. The Inferno is a description of the nine circles of torment that are found on the earth. It depicts the realms of the people that have gone against the spiritual values and who, instead, have chosen bestial appetite, violence, or fraud and malice. The nine circles of hell are limbo, lust, gluttony, greed and wrath. Others are heresy, violence, fraud, and treachery. The purpose of this paper is to examine the Dante’s Inferno in the perspective of its portrayal of God’s image and the justification of hell.
In this epic poem, God is portrayed as a super being guilty of multiple weaknesses including being egotistic, unjust, and hypocritical. Dante, in this poem, depicts God as being more human than divine by challenging God’s omnipotence. Additionally, the manner in which Dante describes Hell is in full contradiction to the morals of God as written in the Bible. When god arranges Hell to flatter Himself, He commits egotism, a sin that is common among human beings (Cheney, 2016). The weakness is depicted in Limbo and on the Gate of Hell where, for instance, God sends those who do not worship Him to Hell. This implies that failure to worship Him is a sin.
God is also depicted as lacking justice in His actions thus removing the godly image. The injustice is portrayed by the manner in which the sodomites and opportunists are treated. The opportunists are subjected to banner chasing in their lives after death followed by being stung by insects and maggots. They are known to having done neither good nor bad during their lifetimes and, therefore, justice could have demanded that they be granted a neutral punishment having lived a neutral life. The sodomites are also punished unfairly by God when Brunetto Lattini is condemned to hell despite being a good leader (Babor, T. F., McGovern, T., & Robaina, K. (2017). While he commited sodomy, God chooses to ignore all the other good deeds that Brunetto did.
Finally, God is also portrayed as being hypocritical in His actions, a sin that further diminishes His godliness and makes Him more human. A case in point is when God condemns the sin of egotism and goes ahead to commit it repeatedly. Proverbs 29:23 states that “arrogance will bring your downfall, but if you are humble, you will be respected.” When Slattery condemns Dante’s human state as being weak, doubtful, and limited, he is proving God’s hypocrisy because He is also human (Verdicchio, 2015). The actions of God in Hell as portrayed by Dante are inconsistent with the Biblical literature. Both Dante and God are prone to making mistakes, something common among human beings thus making God more human.
To wrap it up, Dante portrays God is more human since He commits the same sins that humans commit: egotism, hypocrisy, and injustice. Hell is justified as being a destination for victims of the mistakes committed by God. The Hell is presented as being a totally different place as compared to what is written about it in the Bible. As a result, reading through the text gives an image of God who is prone to the very mistakes common to humans thus ripping Him off His lofty status of divine and, instead, making Him a mere human. Whether or not Dante did it intentionally is subject to debate but one thing is clear in the poem: the misconstrued notion of God is revealed to future generations.
References
Babor, T. F., McGovern, T., & Robaina, K. (2017). Dante’s inferno: Seven deadly sins in scientific publishing and how to avoid them. Addiction Science: A Guide for the Perplexed, 267.
Cheney, L. D. G. (2016). Illustrations for Dante’s Inferno: A Comparative Study of Sandro Botticelli, Giovanni Stradano, and Federico Zuccaro. Cultural and Religious Studies, 4(8), 487.
Verdicchio, M. (2015). Irony and Desire in Dante’s” Inferno” 27. Italica, 285-297.
Sample Answer
Sample Answer
Chapter 1: Understanding Stakeholder Groups in Urban Circular Economy (CE)
In the context of developing urban Circular Economy (CE) strategies, it is imperative to consider the diverse range of stakeholders who play a crucial role in shaping and implementing sustainable practices. Identifying and engaging with various stakeholder groups can help foster collaboration, drive innovation, and ensure the successful implementation of CE initiatives. The key stakeholder groups to be taken into account in urban CE include:
1. Government and Regulatory Authorities: Public policymakers, local government officials, and regulatory bodies play a pivotal role in setting the legislative framework and regulations that govern CE practices within urban areas.
2. Businesses and Industry: Private sector entities, including businesses, industries, and corporations, are essential stakeholders in advancing CE strategies. They can contribute by adopting sustainable practices, promoting resource efficiency, and developing circular business models.
3. Academic and Research Institutions: Universities, research centers, and academic institutions contribute valuable knowledge, expertise, and research insights to support the development and implementation of CE strategies in urban settings.
4. Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) and Civil Society: NGOs, community groups, and advocacy organizations act as key stakeholders in promoting environmental awareness, social equity, and community engagement in CE initiatives.
5. Residents and Community Members: Local residents, community organizations, and individuals living in urban areas are important stakeholders whose participation and support are essential for the successful adoption of CE practices at the grassroots level.
6. Industry Associations and Trade Unions: Industry associations and labor unions represent the interests of specific sectors or workforce groups and can advocate for sustainable practices, workforce development, and social responsibility within urban CE frameworks.
Chapter 2: Identifying Barriers in Developing Urban Circular Economy Strategies
Despite the potential benefits of implementing CE strategies in urban environments, several barriers may impede the effective development and implementation of sustainable practices. These barriers can vary across stakeholder groups and may include:
1. Lack of Awareness and Education: Limited understanding of CE principles, benefits, and opportunities among stakeholders can hinder the adoption of sustainable practices and inhibit collaboration towards a circular economy transition.
2. Financial Constraints: Insufficient funding, high initial investment costs, and uncertainties regarding the economic viability of CE initiatives can pose significant barriers to developing urban CE strategies.
3. Regulatory Challenges: Complex regulatory frameworks, conflicting policies, and legal barriers may create obstacles for stakeholders seeking to implement CE practices within urban settings.
4. Technological Barriers: Limited access to appropriate technologies, lack of infrastructure, outdated systems, and technological constraints can impede the adoption of innovative solutions necessary for a circular economy transition.
5. Behavioral Resistance: Resistance to change, inertia towards traditional linear practices, fear of disruption, and reluctance to adopt new approaches can hinder the widespread acceptance of CE strategies among stakeholders.
6. Supply Chain Complexity: Complex supply chains, fragmented value chains, lack of transparency, and coordination challenges among stakeholders can complicate the implementation of circular business models within urban environments.
Chapter 3: Addressing Relevant Challenges in Urban Circular Economy Strategies
To overcome these barriers and advance urban CE strategies effectively, it is crucial to adopt a multi-faceted approach that involves collaboration, innovation, and stakeholder engagement. Key strategies for addressing these challenges may include:
1. Building Awareness and Capacity: Providing education, training programs, workshops, and awareness campaigns to inform stakeholders about the benefits of CE and equip them with the knowledge and skills needed to participate effectively.
2. Fostering Collaboration and Partnerships: Facilitating partnerships, networks, and collaborative platforms that bring together diverse stakeholders to co-create solutions, share best practices, and drive collective action towards a circular economy transition.
3. Incentivizing Sustainable Practices: Developing financial incentives, subsidies, tax breaks, grants, or other mechanisms to encourage businesses, industries, and other stakeholders to invest in sustainable technologies, practices, and circular business models.
4. Promoting Policy Coherence: Advocating for supportive regulatory frameworks, policy coherence, and incentives that promote a conducive environment for CE initiatives while addressing regulatory barriers and promoting alignment across different levels of governance.
5. Investing in Innovation: Supporting research and development efforts, fostering innovation ecosystems, and investing in technology adoption to overcome technological barriers and drive the development of scalable solutions for urban CE challenges.
By addressing these relevant challenges through collaborative efforts, innovative approaches, and stakeholder engagement, urban areas can transition towards sustainable circular economy practices that promote resource efficiency, environmental sustainability, and social well-being.
References:
– Ellen MacArthur Foundation. (2019). Cities and Circular Economy for Food: Good Practices and Guidance. Ellen MacArthur Foundation.
– European Commission. (2020). Circular Economy Action Plan. European Commission.
– Lieder, M., & Rashid, A. (2016). Towards circular economy implementation: a comprehensive review in context of manufacturing industry. Journal of Cleaner Production, 115, 36-51.
