• Compare and contrast skeletal and smooth muscle contraction and relaxation.
• Compare and contrast single-unit and multi-unit smooth muscle cells.
• Describe the role of t-tubules in skeletal muscle cells. What structures do t-tubules have that permit these functions to occur?
• Explain the entire sequence of events that occurs from directly after a motor neuron releases neurotransmitter into the neuromuscular junction until a skeletal muscle cell relaxes.
• Explain the relationship between length and tension in muscle cells
• If a patient produces too much cortisol, how would that affect CRH and ACTH? How would excess cortisol affect blood glucose levels? How would excess cortisol impact immune function?
• Please explain the mechanisms by which our body regulates blood Ca+2 levels.
• Explain the role of FSH and LH in males. If either did not function properly, what would be a consequence?
• List, in order, the structures sperm must pass through during ejaculation.
• What do estrogen and progesterone do in women? What would happen if estrogen was not present? If progesterone was not present?
• Explain what occurs throughout the menstrual cycle.
• How is ovulation triggered in females?
• What does TSH do? Explain the sequence of cellular events that occurs from when TSH binds to its target receptor to the cell’s response.
• What is glucagon’s main target? What does it do?
• Explain how we maintain adequate blood glucose concentrations in both the fed and fasted states.
• What does the posterior pituitary gland secrete? What do those hormones do?
• Explain what happens to oxytocin, prolactin and dopamine when a mother nurses her child.
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